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In human anatomy, the penis (/ ˈ p iː n ɪ s /; pl.: penises or penes; from the Latin pēnis, initially "tail" [1]) is an external sex organ (intromittent organ) through which males urinate and ejaculate. Together with the testes and surrounding structures, the penis functions as part of the male reproductive system.
Calves prefer their own mother's vocalizations to those of an unfamiliar cow. [30] Vocalizations provide information on the age, sex, dominance status and reproductive status of the caller, and may indicate estrus in cows and competitive display in bulls. [31] Cows can categorize images as familiar and unfamiliar individuals. [28]
The male reproductive system includes testes, rete testis, efferent ductules, epididymis, sex accessory glands, sex accessory ducts and external genitalia. [3]Testosterone, an androgen, although present in both males and females, is relatively more abundant in males.
A freemartin or free-martin (sometimes martin heifer) is an infertile cow with masculinized behavior and non-functioning ovaries. [1] Phenotypically, the animal appears female, but various aspects of female reproductive development are altered due to acquisition of anti-Müllerian hormone from the male twin. [2]
Chromosomal abnormalities can occur during fertilization impacting the development of the male reproductive system. The genotype of the male consists of a Y chromosome paired with an X chromosome. Female sex is determined by the absence of a Y chromosome. Some individuals are male who have the XX male syndrome and androgen insensitivity ...
Reproductive organs are found within the cloaca of reptiles. Most male reptiles have copulatory organs, which are usually retracted or inverted and stored inside the body. In turtles and crocodilians, the male has a single median penis-like organ, while male snakes and lizards each possess a pair of penis-like organs.