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The eXtended Graphics Array (usually called XGA) is a graphics card manufactured by IBM and introduced for the IBM PS/2 line of personal computers in 1990 as a successor to the 8514/A. It supports, among other modes, a display resolution of 1024 × 768 pixels with 256 colors at 43.5 Hz ( interlaced ), or 640 × 480 at 60 Hz ( non-interlaced ...
Extended Video Graphics Array (or EVGA) is a standard created by VESA in 1991 (VBE 1.2) [1] [2] [3] denoting a non-interlaced resolution of 1024x768 at a maximum of 70 Hz refresh rate.
Super XGA (SXGA) [84] is a standard monitor resolution of 1280 × 1024 pixels. [ 1 ] [ 75 ] This display resolution is the "next step" above the XGA resolution that IBM developed in 1990. The 1280 × 1024 resolution is not the standard 4:3 aspect ratio, instead it is a 5:4 aspect ratio (1.25:1 instead of 1. 3 :1).
VGA section on the motherboard in IBM PS/55. The color palette random access memory (RAM) and its corresponding digital-to-analog converter (DAC) were integrated into one chip (the RAMDAC) and the cathode-ray tube controller was integrated into a main VGA chip, which eliminated several other chips in previous graphics adapters, so VGA only additionally required external video RAM and timing ...
This chart shows the most common display resolutions, with the color of each resolution type indicating the display ratio (e.g., red indicates a 4:3 ratio).
Some EGA monitors are switchable, meaning that they can be set up to use the full palette even in 200-line modes, often through a mechanical switch. Only a few commercial games were released with support for the extended color palette in 320 × 200 or 640 × 200 (including the DOS version of Super Off Road ).
Comparison between common display resolutions, including several resolutions defined for Super VGA by VESA BIOS Extensions. In the late 1980s, after the release of IBM's VGA, third-party manufacturers began making graphics cards based on its specifications with extended capabilities.
On Linux and DOS systems with so-named SVGA cards, a program called SVGATextMode [34] can be used to set up better looking text modes than EGA and VGA standard ones. This is particularly useful for large (≥ 17") monitors, where the normal 80×25 VGA text mode's 720×400 pixel resolution is far lower than a typical graphics mode would be.