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Politics in reorganised present-day Punjab is dominated by mainly three parties – Indian National Congress, Aam Aadmi Party and Shiromani Akali Dal (Badal). [1] [2] Since 1967, Chief Minister of Punjab has been predominantly from Jat Sikh community despite its 21 percent state population.
The movement quickly spread all over the Hindi area of East Punjab, with neighboring Hindi-speaking states sending large numbers of volunteers. About 30,000 participants took part against the Punjab Congress government, with 6,000 arrested by November for violating law and order. [87] Explicitly anti-Sikh language was used by the communalists. [84]
In Punjab, instead of religion, the Akalis launched the Punjabi Suba movement aimed at creation of a Punjabi-majority subah ("province") in the erstwhile East Punjab state of India in the 1950s.In 1966, it resulted in the formation of the Punjabi speaking -majority Punjab state, the Haryanvi-Hindi-majority Haryana state and the Union Territory ...
The larger state of Punjab had been formed under the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 by merging East Punjab and PEPSU. The 1966 separation was the result of the Punjabi Suba movement , which agitated for the creation of a Punjabi -speaking state (the modern state of Punjab); in the process a majority Hindi -speaking state was created ...
The movement quickly spread all over the Hindi area of East Punjab, with neighboring Hindi-speaking states sending large numbers of volunteers. About 30,000 participants took part against the Punjab Congress government, with 6,000 arrested by November for violating law and order. [89] Explicitly anti-Sikh language was used by the communalists. [86]
Ranjit Singh was proclaimed as Maharaja of the Punjab on 12 April 1801 (to coincide with Vaisakhi), creating a unified political state. [44] Despite the religious diversity of the Sikh Empire, the people of Punjab were united by a shared identity as Punjabis and a growing sense of Punjabi nationalism. [45] [46]
A map of the distribution of native Punjabi speakers in India and Pakistan. With effect from 1 November 1966, there was yet another reorganisation, this time on linguistic lines, when the state of Punjab as constituted in 1956 was divided into three: the mostly Hindi-speaking part became the present-day Indian state of Haryana and the mostly Punjabi-speaking part became the present-day Punjab ...
The Punjabi Language Movement (Punjabi: پنجابی زبان تحریک, romanized: Pañjābī zabān tahrīk; pronounced [pənˈd͡ʒaːb.bi zəbaːn təɦ'ɾik]; abbreviated as PLM) is a socio-political movement in Punjab, Pakistan, advocating the recognition of the Punjabi language, as well as culture and literature, in Pakistan to allow its use in government affairs, education, and media.