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The North African campaign of World War II took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943, fought between the Allies and the Axis Powers.It included campaigns in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts (Western Desert campaign, Desert War), in Morocco and Algeria (Operation Torch), and in Tunisia (Tunisia campaign).
The Axis powers, [nb 1] originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis [1] and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was the military coalition which initiated World War II and fought against the Allies. Its principal members were Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and the Empire of Japan. The Axis were united in their far-right positions and general opposition ...
The Holocaust and North Africa. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 9781503605435. Robert Satloff: Among the Righteous: Lost Stories from the Holocaust's Long Reach into Arab Lands (PublicAffairs, 2006). ISBN 1-58648-399-4; Michel Abitbol: The Jews of North Africa during the Second World War (Wayne state University Press Detroit, 1989).
The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume IV: The Destruction of the Axis Forces in Africa. History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-068-8. Rommel, Erwin (1982) [1953]. Liddell-Hart, Basil (ed.). The Rommel Papers. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80157-4
The whole unit was captured along with the rest of all Axis forces in Africa in May 1943. [7] The remaining soldiers of the 3rd battalion, i.e. the Deutsche-Arabische Lehr-Abteilung, who had not been sent to North Africa, were used, together with Muslims from French North Africa, to form the German-Arab Battalion 845 in the summer of 1943. [5]
A number of Muslims participated in efforts to help save Jewish residents of European and Arab lands from the Holocaust while fascist regimes controlled the territory. From June 1940 through May 1943, Axis powers, namely Germany and Italy, controlled large portions of Southeastern Europe and North Africa.
Goumiers were indigenous Moroccan soldiers in World War II, initially fighting on behalf of Vichy France and the Axis powers. [7] Fifty-three percent of the soldiers provided to France by its colonial empire in September 1939 came from Morocco and areas of North Africa. [7]
The North African campaign of World War II, sometimes called the "Desert War", includes the campaigns in Egypt and Libya (often referred to as the Western Desert campaign or the "Egypt–Libya Campaign") and those campaigns in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia (usually referred to as the Tunisian campaign.