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The Geopolitics of the Roman Empire deals with the "inalienable relationship between geography and politics of the Roman Empire". Once the Roman Empire had reached its natural borders , the location of potential threats to the empire and Roman troop locations played a major role in the elevation of Roman Emperors .
The Roman expansion in Italy covers a series of conflicts in which Rome grew from being a small Italian city-state to be the ruler of the Italian region.Roman tradition attributes to the Roman kings the first war against the Sabines and the first conquests around the Alban Hills and down to the coast of Latium.
Platner's map of Rome for The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome (1911). The topography of ancient Rome is the description of the built environment of the city of ancient Rome. It is a multidisciplinary field of study that draws on archaeology, epigraphy, cartography and philology.
Roman society had multiple, overlapping social hierarchies. [102] The civil war preceding Augustus caused upheaval, [103] but did not effect an immediate redistribution of wealth and social power. From the perspective of the lower classes, a peak was merely added to the social pyramid. [104]
The consolidation of Italy into a single entity occurred during the Roman expansion in the peninsula, when Rome formed a permanent association with most of other the local tribes and cities. [ 3 ] [ page needed ] The strength of the Italian confederacy was a crucial factor in the rise of Rome , starting with the Punic and Macedonian wars ...
The climate of ancient Rome varied throughout the existence of that civilization. In the first half of the 1st millennium BC, the climate of Italy was more humid and cool than now and the presently arid south saw more precipitation . [ 1 ]
The legacy of the Roman Empire has been varied and significant. The Roman Empire, built upon the legacy of other cultures, has had long-lasting influence with broad geographical reach on a great range of cultural aspects, including state institutions, law, values, religious beliefs, technological advances, engineering and language.
Map of the Roman Empire in 125 during the reign of emperor Hadrian. The borders of the Roman Empire, which fluctuated throughout the empire's history, were realised as a combination of military roads and linked forts, natural frontiers (most notably the Rhine and Danube rivers) and man-made fortifications which separated the lands of the empire from the countries beyond.