Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The corresponding logical symbols are "", "", [6] and , [10] and sometimes "iff".These are usually treated as equivalent. However, some texts of mathematical logic (particularly those on first-order logic, rather than propositional logic) make a distinction between these, in which the first, ↔, is used as a symbol in logic formulas, while ⇔ is used in reasoning about those logic formulas ...
Venn diagram of (true part in red) In logic and mathematics, the logical biconditional, also known as material biconditional or equivalence or bidirectional implication or biimplication or bientailment, is the logical connective used to conjoin two statements and to form the statement "if and only if" (often abbreviated as "iff " [1]), where is known as the antecedent, and the consequent.
In mathematics, theorems are often stated in the form "P is true if and only if Q is true". Because, as explained in previous section, necessity of one for the other is equivalent to sufficiency of the other for the first one, e.g. P ⇐ Q {\displaystyle P\Leftarrow Q} is equivalent to Q ⇒ P {\displaystyle Q\Rightarrow P} , if P is necessary ...
In propositional logic, affirming the consequent (also known as converse error, fallacy of the converse, or confusion of necessity and sufficiency) is a formal fallacy (or an invalid form of argument) that is committed when, in the context of an indicative conditional statement, it is stated that because the consequent is true, therefore the ...
This operation is known as reduction, and it does not change the group element represented by the word. Reductions can be thought of as relations (defined below) that follow from the group axioms. A reduced word is a word that contains no redundant pairs. Any word can be simplified to a reduced word by performing a sequence of reductions:
The set of formal symbols in a formal language is referred to as an alphabet (hence each symbol may be referred to as a "letter") [1] [page needed] A formal symbol as used in first-order logic may be a variable (member from a universe of discourse), a constant, a function (mapping to another member of universe) or a predicate (mapping to T/F).
Not only a matter of education Laura Agosta / Formar Foundation - September 2011 Executive summary In the past few decades, the education system in the US has undergone various reforms with the goal of achieving better quality for American students. Experts have tried measured the impact of these reforms and attempted to share some of their ...
Philosophy portal; This article is within the scope of WikiProject Philosophy, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of content related to philosophy on Wikipedia. . If you would like to support the project, please visit the project page, where you can get more details on how you can help, and where you can join the general discussion about philosophy content on Wikiped