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The population of Europe in 2015 was estimated to be 741 million according to the United Nations, [12] which was slightly less than 11% of the world population. The precise figure depends on the exact definition of the geographic extent of Europe. The population of the European Union (EU) was 509 million as of 2015. [13]
Demographic history is the reconstructed record of human population in the past. Given the lack of population records prior to the 1950s, there are many gaps in our record of demographic history. Given the lack of population records prior to the 1950s, there are many gaps in our record of demographic history.
The population density of the EU is 106 people per km 2.Note that the lights in the North Sea are from oil platforms. A cartogram depicting the population distribution between old EU-27 member states in 2008 (including the UK and excluding Croatia). 57.8% of all citizens of the EU live in the four largest member states: Germany, France, Italy, and Spain.
Historical demography is the quantitative study of human population in the past. It is concerned with population size, with the three basic components of population change (fertility, mortality, and migration), and with population characteristics related to those components, such as marriage, socioeconomic status, and the configuration of families.
The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD 500), the Middle Ages (AD 500–1500), and the modern era (since AD 1500). The first early European modern humans appear in the fossil record about 48,000 years ago, during the Paleolithic era.
Europe was devastated in the mid-14th century by the Black Death, one of the most deadly pandemics in human history which killed an estimated 25 million people in Europe alone—a third of the European population at the time.
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. [9] [10] [11] The union has a total area of 4,233,255 km 2 (1,634,469 sq mi) and an estimated total population of over 449 million.
The most populous European country is Russia, with a population of over 144 million. Turkey, with a population of about 85 million, straddles both Europe and Asia, with most of its population living within its Asian part; though within its territory in Europe, some one-tenth of its population is situated. [1]