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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels. [3] CVDs constitute a class of diseases that includes: coronary artery diseases (e.g. angina, heart attack), heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease ...
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD), [13] is a type of heart disease involving the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to a build-up of atheromatous plaque in the arteries of the heart.
A medical condition is a broad term that includes all diseases and disorders.. A disease is an abnormal condition affecting the body of an organism.. A disorder is a functional abnormality or disturbance.
North America Date Disease Location Number of cases Cause References 1917–1927 Osteosarcoma: New Jersey, Connecticut, Illinois: 86 Radium [1] [2]1938–1971 Adenocarcinoma: U.S.
Myocardial infarction; Other names: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart attack: A myocardial infarction occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque slowly builds up in the inner lining of a coronary artery and then suddenly ruptures, causing catastrophic thrombus formation, totally occluding the artery and preventing blood flow downstream to the heart muscle.
Specialty: Hematology and oncology: Symptoms: Bleeding, bruising, fatigue, fever, increased risk of infections [2] Usual onset: All ages, [3] most common in 60s and 70s. [4] It is the most common malignant cancer in children, but the cure rates are also higher for them.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), formerly known as TNF-α, is a chemical messenger produced by the immune system that induces inflammation. [5] TNF is produced primarily by activated macrophages, and induces inflammation by binding to its receptors on other cells. [6]
Cancer treatments are a wide range of treatments available for the many different types of cancer, with each cancer type needing its own specific treatment. [2] Treatments can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy including small-molecule drugs or monoclonal antibodies, [3] and PARP inhibitors such as olaparib. [4]