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  2. Glossary of chemistry terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chemistry_terms

    Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...

  3. Frigorific mixture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigorific_mixture

    A frigorific mixture may be used to obtain a liquid medium that has a reproducible temperature below ambient temperature. Such mixtures were used to calibrate thermometers. In chemistry a cooling bath may be used to control the temperature of a strongly exothermic reaction. A frigorific mixture may be used as an alternative to mechanical ...

  4. Negative temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_temperature

    A definition of temperature can be based on the relationship: = The relationship suggests that a positive temperature corresponds to the condition where entropy, S, increases as thermal energy, q rev, is added to the system. This is the "normal" condition in the macroscopic world, and is always the case for the translational, vibrational ...

  5. Absolute zero - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_zero

    The Fermi temperature is defined as this maximum energy divided by the Boltzmann constant, and is on the order of 80,000 K for typical electron densities found in metals. For temperatures significantly below the Fermi temperature, the electrons behave in almost the same way as at absolute zero.

  6. Cryogenics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenics

    Nitrogen is a liquid under −195.8 °C (77.3 K).. In physics, cryogenics is the production and behaviour of materials at very low temperatures.. The 13th International Institute of Refrigeration's (IIR) International Congress of Refrigeration (held in Washington, DC in 1971) endorsed a universal definition of "cryogenics" and "cryogenic" by accepting a threshold of 120 K (−153 °C) to ...

  7. If You Make Fewer Than 3 Mistakes, It Means You Were ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/fewer-3-mistakes-means-were...

    The post If You Make Fewer Than 3 Mistakes, It Means You Were Really Good At Chemistry Back In School first appeared on Bored Panda. Show comments. Advertisement. Advertisement.

  8. Cloud point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_point

    Additionally, no external chiller bath or refrigeration unit is needed. D5773 is capable of determining cloud point within a temperature range of -60 °C to +49 °C. Results are reported with a temperature resolution of 0.1 °C. Under ASTM D5773, the test sample is cooled by a Peltier device at a constant rate of 1.5 +/- 0.1 °C/min.

  9. National Standard Examination in Chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Standard...

    The National Standard Examination in Chemistry or NSEC is an examination in chemistry for higher secondary school students in India, usually conducted in the end of November. [1] The examination is organized by the Indian Association of Chemistry Teachers. Over 30,000 students, mainly from Standard 12, sit for this examination.