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Phthalates (US: / ˈ θ æ l eɪ t s / UK: / ˈ (f) θ æ l eɪ t s ˌ ˈ (f) θ æ l ɪ t s / [1] [2]), or phthalate esters, are esters of phthalic acid. They are mainly used as plasticizers, i.e., substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity. They are used primarily to soften polyvinyl ...
Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (shortened polyDADMAC or polyDDA), also commonly polyquaternium-6, is a homopolymer of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC). The molecular weight of polyDADMAC is typically in the range of hundreds of thousands of grams per mole, and even up to a million for some products.
MEKP is a colorless oily liquid. It is widely used in vulcanization (crosslinking) of polymers. [3] It is derived from the reaction of methyl ethyl ketone and hydrogen peroxide under acidic conditions. Several products result from this reaction including a cyclic dimer. [4] The linear dimer, the topic of this article, is the most prevalent.
Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) is a commonly used plasticizer used in the production of plastic and plastic coating to increase flexibility. It is a mixture of compounds derived from the esterification of phthalic acid and isomeric decyl alcohols .
Also, a variety of polymerizable esters are prepared from allyl alcohol, e.g. diallyl phthalate. [5] Allyl alcohol has herbicidal activity and can be used as a weed eradicant [9]) and fungicide. [8] Allyl alcohol is the precursor in the commercial synthesis of allyl bromide: [10] CH 2 =CHCH 2 OH + HBr → CH 2 =CHCH 2 Br + H 2 O
Left: individual linear polymer chains Right: Polymer chains which have been cross linked to give a rigid 3D thermoset polymer. In materials science, a thermosetting polymer, often called a thermoset, is a polymer that is obtained by irreversibly hardening ("curing") a soft solid or viscous liquid prepolymer (). [1]
Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a phthalate ester. It is a colourless liquid without significant odour but with a bitter disagreeable taste. Synthesis and applications
It is a phthalate and is the diester of phthalic acid and the 10-carbon branched-chain alcohol 2-propylheptanol. This colorless, viscous liquid is used for softening PVC plastics and is a general purpose PVC plasticizer. [2] It possesses very good plasticizing properties and may be used as a direct replacement for DEHP and DINP in many ...