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  2. Borders of the Roman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borders_of_the_Roman_Empire

    Map of the Roman Empire in 125 during the reign of emperor Hadrian. The borders of the Roman Empire, which fluctuated throughout the empire's history, were realised as a combination of military roads and linked forts, natural frontiers (most notably the Rhine and Danube rivers) and man-made fortifications which separated the lands of the empire from the countries beyond.

  3. Limes (Roman Empire) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limes_(Roman_Empire)

    Limes (Latin; sg., pl.: limites) is a term used primarily for the Germanic border defence or delimiting system of ancient Rome marking the borders of the Roman Empire. [1] [2] The term has been extended in modern times to refer to the frontier defences in other parts of the empire, such as in the east and in Africa.

  4. Roman military frontiers and fortifications - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_military_frontiers...

    Roman military borders and fortifications were part of a grand strategy of territorial defense in the Roman Empire, although this is a matter of debate.By the early 2nd century, the Roman Empire had reached the peak of its territorial expansion and rather than constantly expanding their borders as earlier in the Empire and Republic, the Romans solidified their position by fortifying their ...

  5. Pomerium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomerium

    The term pōmērium is a classical contraction of the Latin phrase post moerium (lit. ' behind/beyond the wall ').The Roman historian Livy writes in his Ab Urbe Condita that, although the etymology implies a meaning referring to a single side of the wall, the pomerium was originally an area of ground on both sides of city walls.

  6. Limes Germanicus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limes_Germanicus

    The Limes Germanicus (Latin for Germanic frontier), or 'Germanic Limes', is the name given in modern times to a line of frontier fortifications that bounded the ancient Roman provinces of Germania Inferior, Germania Superior and Raetia, dividing the Roman Empire and the unsubdued Germanic tribes from the years 83 to about 260 AD.

  7. Roman province - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_province

    The Roman Empire under Hadrian (125) showing the provinces as then organised. The Roman provinces (Latin: provincia, pl. provinciae) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was ruled by a Roman appointed as governor.

  8. Limitanei - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limitanei

    Reconstructed Roman fortifications at Vindolanda.The limitanei would garrison similar forts around the Empire.. In the early 3rd century, the Roman military was organized into several provincial armies under the command of the provincial governors, a smaller reserve under the command of the emperor, guard units such as the Praetorian Guard, and the urban cohorts.

  9. Tabula Peutingeriana - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_Peutingeriana

    Tabula Peutingeriana (section of a modern facsimile), top to bottom: Dalmatian coast, Adriatic Sea, southern Italy, Sicily, African Mediterranean coast. Tabula Peutingeriana (Latin for 'The Peutinger Map'), also referred to as Peutinger's Tabula, [1] Peutinger tables [2] or Peutinger Table, is an illustrated itinerarium (ancient Roman road map) showing the layout of the cursus publicus, the ...