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In electromagnetism, the magnetic moment or magnetic dipole moment is the combination of strength and orientation of a magnet or other object or system that exerts a magnetic field. The magnetic dipole moment of an object determines the magnitude of torque the object experiences in a given magnetic field. When the same magnetic field is applied ...
Magnetic moment, magnetic dipole moment: m, μ B, Π: Two definitions are possible: using pole strengths, = using currents: = ^ a = pole separation N is the number of turns of conductor A m 2 [I][L] 2: Magnetization: M
As such, the SI unit of magnetic dipole moment is ampere meter 2. More precisely, to account for solenoids with many turns the unit of magnetic dipole moment is ampere–turn meter 2. In the magnetic pole model, the magnetic dipole moment is due to two equal and opposite magnetic charges that are separated by a distance, d.
A key example of this phenomenon is the spin–orbit interaction leading to shifts in an electron's atomic energy levels, due to electromagnetic interaction between the electron's magnetic dipole, its orbital motion, and the electrostatic field of the positively charged nucleus.
The total magnetic dipole moment resulting from both spin and orbital angular momenta of an electron is related to the total angular momentum J by a similar equation: = . The g -factor g J is known as the Landé g -factor , which can be related to g L and g S by quantum mechanics.
The Ising model (or Lenz–Ising model), named after the physicists Ernst Ising and Wilhelm Lenz, is a mathematical model of ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics.The model consists of discrete variables that represent magnetic dipole moments of atomic "spins" that can be in one of two states (+1 or −1).
Moreover, one form of magnetic dipole moment is associated with a fundamental quantum property—the spin of elementary particles. Because magnetic monopoles do not exist, the magnetic field at a large distance from any static magnetic source looks like the field of a dipole with the same dipole moment. For higher-order sources (e.g ...
Roughly speaking, the magnetic field of a dipole goes as the inverse cube of the distance, and the force of its magnetic field on another dipole goes as the first derivative of the magnetic field. It follows that the dipole-dipole interaction goes as the inverse fourth power of the distance. Suppose m 1 and m 2 are two magnetic dipole moments ...