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Pneumonia is a common respiratory infection, [2] affecting approximately 450 million people a year and occurring in all parts of the world. [3] It is a major cause of death among all age groups, resulting in 1.4 million deaths in 2010 (7% of the world's yearly total) and 3.0 million deaths in 2016 (the 4th leading cause of death in the world).
The CDC data on emergency visits due to pediatric pneumonia show that rates in children between 0 and 4 are similar to previous years, and that while rates are slightly elevated in school-age ...
Immunizing health care workers decreases the risk of viral pneumonia among their patients. [80] Vaccinations against Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae have good evidence to support their use. [55] There is strong evidence for vaccinating children under the age of 2 against Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine).
A Risk Class I or Risk Class II pneumonia patient can be sent home on oral antibiotics. [4] A Risk Class III patient, after evaluation of other factors including home environment and follow-up, may either: [5] be sent home with oral antibiotics [4] be admitted for a short hospital stay with antibiotics and monitoring. [4]
People with a compromised immune system, such as those living with HIV, are also at higher risk of pneumococcal disease. [5] In HIV patients with access to treatment, the risk of invasive pneumoccal disease is 0.2–1% per year and has a fatality rate of 8%. [5] There is an association between pneumococcal pneumonia and influenza.
Although children older than one month tend to be at risk for the same microorganisms as adults, children under five years of age are much less likely to have pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae or Legionella pneumophila than older children.
Doctors have long urged people ages 50 and older to get a shot to protect against bacterial pneumonia. CDC lowers recommendation age for pneumonia vaccine to adults 50 and older Skip to main content
The score is an acronym for each of the risk factors measured. Each risk factor scores one point, for a maximum score of 5: Confusion of new onset (defined as an AMTS of 8 or less) Blood Urea nitrogen greater than 7 mmol/L (19 mg/dL) Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute or greater; Blood pressure less than 90 mmHg systolic or diastolic ...