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In fluid dynamics, Stokes' law is an empirical law for the frictional force – also called drag force – exerted on spherical objects with very small Reynolds numbers in a viscous fluid. [1] It was derived by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851 by solving the Stokes flow limit for small Reynolds numbers of the Navier–Stokes equations.
The capstan equation[ 1 ] or belt friction equation, also known as Euler–Eytelwein formula[ 2 ] (after Leonhard Euler and Johann Albert Eytelwein), [ 3 ] relates the hold-force to the load-force if a flexible line is wound around a cylinder (a bollard, a winch or a capstan). [ 4 ][ 1 ] It also applies for fractions of one turn as occur with ...
Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other. [2][3] Types of friction include dry, fluid, lubricated, skin, and internal -- an incomplete list. The study of the processes involved is called tribology, and has a history of more than 2000 years.
Which friction factor is plotted in a Moody diagram may be determined by inspection if the publisher did not include the formula described above: Observe the value of the friction factor for laminar flow at a Reynolds number of 1000. If the value of the friction factor is 0.064, then the Darcy friction factor is plotted in the Moody diagram.
Darcy friction factor formulae. In fluid dynamics, the Darcy friction factor formulae are equations that allow the calculation of the Darcy friction factor, a dimensionless quantity used in the Darcy–Weisbach equation, for the description of friction losses in pipe flow as well as open-channel flow. The Darcy friction factor is also known as ...
In physics and engineering, a free body diagram (FBD; also called a force diagram) [1] is a graphical illustration used to visualize the applied forces, moments, and resulting reactions on a free body in a given condition. It depicts a body or connected bodies with all the applied forces and moments, and reactions, which act on the body(ies).
In fluid dynamics, the drag equation is a formula used to calculate the force of drag experienced by an object due to movement through a fully enclosing fluid. The equation is: where. is the drag coefficient – a dimensionless coefficient related to the object's geometry and taking into account both skin friction and form drag.
For example, a free body diagram of a block sitting upon an inclined plane can illustrate the combination of gravitational force, "normal" force, friction, and string tension. [note 4] Newton's second law is sometimes presented as a definition of force, i.e., a force is that which exists when an inertial observer sees a body accelerating.