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According to the Initiative and Referendum Act, a referendum is "the power of the electorate to approve or reject a legislation through an election called for the purpose." A plebiscite, on the other hand, is "the electoral process by which an initiative on the Constitution is approved or rejected by the people." [1]
People's initiative (or "PI") is a common appellative in the Philippines that refers to either a mode for constitutional amendment provided by the 1987 Philippine Constitution or to the act of pushing an initiative (national or local) allowed by the Philippine Initiative and Referendum Act of 1987. The appellative also refers to the product of ...
The terms "referendum" and "plebiscite" mean different things in the context of Philippine political discourse: Referendum is the power of the electorate to approve or reject a legislation through an election called for the purpose. Plebiscite is the electoral process by which an initiative on the Constitution is approved or rejected by the people.
People's Initiative is a common appellative in the Philippines that refers to either a mode for constitutional amendment provided by the 1987 Philippine Constitution or to the act of pushing an initiative (national or local) allowed by the Initiative and Referendum Act of 1987. While the Supreme Court had declared amending the constitution via ...
Monday's referendum was the culmination of a tumultuous peace process between separatists and successive governments that aimed to settle decades of conflict, which have hampered development and ...
According to Article IX-C, Section 2 of the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines, the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) shall exercise the following powers and functions: [3] Enforce and administer all laws and regulations relative to the conduct of an election, plebiscite, initiative, referendum, and recall.
The referendum in Portugal is called by the President of Portugal (if they so decide), on a proposal submitted by the Assembly or the Government. Referendums are binding if turnout is higher than 50% of registered voters. Citizens of Portugal have the right to submit to the Assembly an initiative for a referendum.
1599 Philippines sovereignty referendums; 1937 Philippine women's suffrage plebiscite; 1975 Philippine executive and legislative powers referendum; 1977 Philippine presidential referendum; 1981 Philippine presidential election and referendum; 2024 Special Geographic Area plebiscites