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Ancient silver coin from Cyrene depicting a stalk of silphium. Silphium (also known as laserwort or laser; Ancient Greek: σίλφιον, sílphion) is an unidentified plant that was used in classical antiquity as a seasoning, perfume, aphrodisiac, and medicine.
Silphium is a genus of North American plants in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Members of the genus, commonly known as rosinweeds , are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 0.2 m (8 in) to more than 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) tall, with yellow (rarely white) flowerheads that resemble sunflowers .
Silphium laciniatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known commonly as compassplant [2] or compass plant. It is native to North America, where it occurs in Ontario in Canada and the eastern and central United States as far west as New Mexico . [ 3 ]
Silphium perfoliatum, the cup plant [2] or cup-plant, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to eastern and central North America. It is an erect herbaceous perennial with triangular toothed leaves, and daisy-like yellow composite flower heads in summer.
Silphium terebinthinaceum is a member of the Asteraceae, a family that includes sunflowers, and is commonly referred to as prairie dock or prairie rosinweed. [2]
Silphium albiflorum, commonly known as white rosinweed, [1] is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the United States, where it is endemic to the state of Texas. [2] Its natural habitat is in open, calcareous prairies. [3] [4] It is a tall perennial with rigid, deeply divided leaves.
Silphium integrifolium is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. Its common names include rosinweed, whole-leaf rosinweed, entire-leaf rosinweed, prairie rosinweed, [1] and silflower. [2] It is native to eastern North America, including Ontario in Canada and the eastern and central United States as far west as New Mexico. [3] [4]
Silphium compositum, the kidney-leaf rosinweed, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. [1] A perennial in the Silphium genus, it has yellow flowers and is deciduous. [ 1 ] It grows in the southeastern United States.