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  2. Spring (hydrology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_(hydrology)

    The forcing of the spring to the surface can be the result of a confined aquifer in which the recharge area of the spring water table rests at a higher elevation than that of the outlet. Spring water forced to the surface by elevated sources are artesian wells. This is possible even if the outlet is in the form of a 300-foot-deep (91 m) cave.

  3. Groundwater recharge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_recharge

    Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or deep percolation is a hydrologic process, where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. Recharge is the primary method through which water enters an aquifer. This process usually occurs in the vadose zone below plant roots and is often expressed as a flux to the water table surface ...

  4. Artesian well - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artesian_well

    Artesian well near the Myllylähde spring in Alastaro, Finland. Not all aquifers are artesian (i.e., water table aquifers occur where the groundwater level at the top of the aquifer is at equilibrium with atmospheric pressure). Aquifers recharge when the water table at its recharge zone is at a higher elevation than the head of the well.

  5. Overdrafting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overdrafting

    Artificial Recharge: Since recharge is the natural replenishment of water, artificial recharge is the man-made replenishment of groundwater, though there is only a limited amount of suitable water available for replenishing. [23] Water Conservation Techniques: Other solutions include implementing water conservation techniques to decrease ...

  6. Groundwater - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 31 October 2024. Water located beneath the ground surface An illustration showing groundwater in aquifers (in blue) (1, 5 and 6) below the water table (4), and three different wells (7, 8 and 9) dug to reach it. Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth's surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in ...

  7. Aquifer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer

    Recharge is the primary method through which water enters an aquifer. This process usually occurs in the vadose zone below plant roots and is often expressed as a flux to the water table surface. Groundwater recharge also encompasses water moving away from the water table farther into the saturated zone. [7]

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  9. Evapotranspiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evapotranspiration

    In the equation, the change in water stored within the basin (ΔS) is related to precipitation (P) (water going into the basin), and evapotranspiration (ET), streamflow (Q), and groundwater recharge (D) (water leaving the basin). By rearranging the equation, ET can be estimated if values for the other variables are known: