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A subdural hematoma (SDH) is a type of bleeding in which a collection of blood—usually but not always associated with a traumatic brain injury—gathers between the inner layer of the dura mater and the arachnoid mater of the meninges surrounding the brain.
Focal injuries include the following: Cerebral contusion is a bruise of brain tissue that commonly results from contact of the brain with the inside of the skull. [4] Cerebral laceration is a brain injury in which the pia-arachnoid is torn. [4] Epidural hemorrhage is bleeding between the dura mater and the skull. [4]
This is often a result of secondary injury, which can damage neurons that were unharmed in the primary injury. It occurs after a variety of brain injury including subarachnoid hemorrhage, stroke, and traumatic brain injury and involves metabolic cascades. [13] Secondary injury can result from complications of the injury. [1]
Following a serve brain injury or a skull fracture one of the two hematomas may occur. An extradural hematoma is a TBI where blood collects between the inside of the skull and the dura, the thick outer covering of the brain. [44] A subdural hematoma is a localized collection of blood under the surface of the dura matter. Blood collects on the ...
Both direct blows to the head and blows to the body can produce subdural hematomas, diffuse cerebral edema, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke, all pathologies that can lead to death. [40] By one estimate, the syndrome kills four to six people under the age of 18 per year. [33]
In some circumstances, concussive injury can cause microvascular disruption, hemorrhage, or subdural hematoma. [7] [10] Closed head injury (coup contrecoup) can damage more than the impact sites on the brain, as axon bundles may be torn or twisted, blood vessels may rupture, and elevated intracranial pressure can distort the walls of the ...
Subdural hemorrhage results from tearing of the bridging veins in the subdural space between the dura and arachnoid mater. Head CT shows crescent-shaped deformity Subarachnoid hemorrhage , which occur between the arachnoid and pia meningeal layers, like intraparenchymal hemorrhage, can result either from trauma or from ruptures of aneurysms or ...
A subdural hematoma occurs when there is an abnormal collection of blood between the dura and the arachnoid, usually as a result of torn bridging veins secondary to head trauma. An epidural hematoma is a collection of blood between the dura and the inner surface of the skull, and is usually due to arterial bleeding.