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States and union territories of India by the spoken first language [1] [note 1]. The Republic of India is home to several hundred languages.Most Indians speak a language belonging to the families of the Indo-Aryan branch of Indo-European (c. 77%), the Dravidian (c. 20.61%), the Austroasiatic (precisely Munda and Khasic) (c. 1.2%), or the Sino-Tibetan (precisely Tibeto-Burman) (c. 0.8%), with ...
The following table contains the Indian states and union territories along with the most spoken scheduled languages used in the region. [1] These are based on the 2011 census of India figures except Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, whose statistics are based on the 2001 census of the then unified Andhra Pradesh.
Tamil ranks fifth by the number of native speakers in India (61 million in the 2001 Census) [181] and ranks 20th in the list of most spoken languages. [citation needed] It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and was the first Indian language to be declared a classical language by the Government of India in 2004.
An additional official language in West Bengal [33] [34] Major spoken language in Northern India, and one of the official languages of the Government of India along with English. 1950 Devanagari Kannada: 43.7: Official language of Karnataka. 1950 Kannada script: Kashmiri: 6.8: Official language of Jammu and Kashmir [30] 1950
In 2003, the 92nd Amendment added Bodo, Dogri, Santhali and Maithili, raising the total number of languages to 22. [5] In 2011, the spelling Oriya was changed to Odia by 96th amendment. [6] As of 2024, following are the languages recognized under the eighth schedule of the Constitution of India:
Thirteen languages account for more than 1% of Indian population each, and between themselves for over 95%; all of them are the "scheduled languages of the Constitution". Scheduled languages spoken by less than 1% of Indians are Santali (0.64%), Meitei (Manipuri) (0.14%), Bodo (0.13%), Dogri (0.01%, spoken in Jammu and Kashmir).
[97] [99] [17] [100] Hindi is the most commonly used scheduled language in India and is one of the two official languages of the union, [101] the other being English. Urdu is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan and is one of 22 scheduled languages of India , also having official status in Uttar Pradesh , Jammu and Kashmir ...
The 1961 Census of India had recorded 1652 languages being in use in India. However, it was decided to exclude languages spoken by less than 10,000 people in the 1971 Census, which brought down the figure to 108 languages. [2] PLSI has followed the policy of including all languages in the survey, irrespective of the number of users.