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Phage therapy, viral phage therapy, or phagotherapy is the therapeutic use of bacteriophages for the treatment of pathogenic bacterial infections. [1] [2] [3] This therapeutic approach emerged at the beginning of the 20th century but was progressively replaced by the use of antibiotics in most parts of the world after the Second World War.
Although phages do not infect humans, there are countless phage particles in the human body, given the extensive human microbiome. One's phage population has been called the human phageome, including the "healthy gut phageome" (HGP) and the "diseased human phageome" (DHP). [105] The active phageome of a healthy human (i.e., actively replicating ...
After eight weeks of phage therapy, in conjunction with 12 weeks of antibiotics, no evidence of Acinetobacter baumannii was found in Patterson's body following June 6, 2016. [ 5 ] [ 8 ] After positive media attention from Patterson's phage therapy, [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Schooley and Strathdee began to receive phage therapy requests from around ...
Mycobacteriophage Bxb1 Structure [1]. A mycobacteriophage is a member of a group of bacteriophages known to have mycobacteria as host bacterial species. While originally isolated from the bacterial species Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, [2] the causative agent of tuberculosis, more than 4,200 mycobacteriophage species have since been isolated from various environmental ...
“Phage cocktails” are a form of phage therapy that involves employing at least two phages to target a single bacterial strain, [13] creating a form of therapy with greater ‘depth.’ Phage cocktails are an effective substitute for antibiotics as they create a broader host range and delay the development of phage resistance in bacteria. [ 14 ]
Phage therapy is a good alternative to the use of antibiotics, but some bacteria have CRISPR-Cas systems. Nevertheless, if phages had Acr proteins, they would inhibit the CRISPR-Cas immune system and infect the cell. At the end of the phage reproduction cycle, which takes place inside bacteria, new phages would be released, provoking the cell ...
Since bacteria become resistant against a single phage, d'Herelle suggested using "phage cocktails" containing different phage strains. Phage therapy soon became a boom, and a great hope in medicine. In 1924, 25 January, d'Hérelle received the honorary doctorate of the University of Leiden , [ 14 ] as well as the Leeuwenhoek medal , which is ...
Phageome research in humans has largely focused on the gut, however it is also being investigated in other areas like the skin, [8] blood, [9] and mouth. [10] The composition of phages that make up a healthy human gut phageome is currently debated, since different methods of research can lead to different results. [11]