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  2. Polygyny in animals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygyny_in_Animals

    Polygyny (/ p ə ˈ l ɪ dʒ ɪ n i /; from Neo-Greek πολυγυνία, from πολύ-(polú-) 'many' and γυνή (gunḗ) 'woman, wife') [1] is a mating system in which one male lives and mates with multiple females but each female only mates with a single male.

  3. Polygynandry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygynandry

    Polygynandry is a mating system in which both males and females have multiple mating partners during a breeding season. [1] In sexually reproducing diploid animals, different mating strategies are employed by males and females, because the cost of gamete production is lower for males than it is for females. [2]

  4. Mating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mating_system

    Polygyny is associated with an increased sharing of subsistence provided by women. This is consistent with the theory that if women raise the children alone, men can concentrate on the mating effort. Polygyny is also associated with greater environmental variability in the form of variability of rainfall. This may increase the differences in ...

  5. Polygyny threshold model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygyny_threshold_model

    Polygyny threshold model graph. The polygyny threshold model is an evolutionary explanation of polygyny, the mating of one male of a species with more than one female. The model shows how females may gain a higher level of biological fitness by mating with a male who already has a mate. The female makes this choice despite other surrounding ...

  6. Primate sociality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate_sociality

    Polyandry, or a polyandrous mating system, is when one reproductive adult female mates with two or more different adult males. In this mating system, the adult males mate exclusively with the adult female. [1] [2] Polygyny, or a polygynous mating system, is when one adult male mates with two or more adult females.

  7. Polyandry in fish - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyandry_in_fish

    Female lemon sharks give birth to four to eighteen pups every two years. [20] This two-year reproductive cycle usually occurs in lemon sharks, sandbar sharks, and nurse sharks. [22] One hypothesis states that females can engage in polyandry to find genetically dissimilar and therefore compatible males to produce high quality offspring. [20]

  8. List of dominance hierarchy species - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dominance...

    A study on the association of alpha males and females during the non-breeding season in wild Capuchin monkeys examined whether alpha males are the preferred mate for females and, secondly, whether female-alpha status and relationship to the alpha-male can be explained through the individual characteristics and or social network of the female. [4]

  9. Biological ornament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_ornament

    A biological ornament is a characteristic of an animal that appears to serve a decorative function rather than a utilitarian function. Many are secondary sexual characteristics, and others appear on young birds during the period when they are dependent on being fed by their parents.