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Leptospirosis is a blood infection caused by the bacteria Leptospira [8] that can infect humans, dogs, rodents and many other wild and domesticated animals. [8] Signs and symptoms can range from none to mild ( headaches , muscle pains , and fevers ) to severe ( bleeding in the lungs or meningitis ). [ 5 ]
Leptospira noguchii is another pathogenic bacteria that causes Leptospirosis. Leptospirosis can be transferred in a multitude of ways. Leptospirosis can transfer from animals to humans , humans to humans, or animals to animals via intake of contaminated body fluids, such as urine and blood. [7]
1957 – National guidelines for influenza vaccine were developed. 1958 – A CDC team traveled overseas, for the first time, to Southeast Asia to respond to an epidemic of cholera and smallpox. 1959 – Dr. Robert Kissling developed the fluorescent antibody test for rabies, first used in a field trial with 100 percent accuracy.
NCIRD supports and supervises state and local agencies working on immunization activities and commercial contracting for vaccine supply and distribution. NCIRD supports a national framework for surveillance of diseases for which immunizing agents are increasingly becoming available from commercial pharmaceutical companies, and assists health departments in developing vaccine information ...
The 2017 Puerto Rico Leptospirosis outbreak was an outbreak of leptospirosis that affected Puerto Rico in the fall of 2017, following Hurricane Maria's landfall.. Cases of infectious diseases often spike in the aftermath of intense storms, with flooding and damage to infrastructure leading to a wide variety of problems that increase the chance for transmission and exposure of infectious ...
Leptospira (from Ancient Greek λεπτός (leptós) 'fine, thin, narrow, etc.' and Latin spira 'coil') [1] is a genus of spirochaete bacteria, including a small number of pathogenic and saprophytic species. [2]
Leptospirosis is treated in humans by the antibiotics penicillin and doxycycline. [7] [8] L. interrogans has many properties that ensure its optimal survival in specific conditions, including two periplasmic flagella for movement and mobility. These flagella enable L. interrogans to more easily access and infect both human and mammalian tissues ...
Conjunctival suffusion is an eye finding occurring early in leptospirosis, which is caused by Leptospira interrogans. Conjunctival suffusion is characterized by redness of the conjunctiva that resembles conjunctivitis , but it does not involve inflammatory exudates. [ 1 ]