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Entheogens have played a pivotal role in the spiritual practices of most American cultures for millennia. The first American entheogen to be subject to scientific analysis was the peyote cactus ( Lophophora williamsii ).
The Maya, Olmecs, and Aztecs have well-documented entheogenic complexes. [3] North American cultures also have a tradition of entheogens. In South America, especially in Peru, the archaeological study of cultures like Chavin, Cupisnique, Nazca [4] and Moche, [5] have demonstrated the use of entheogens through archaeobotanical, iconographic and paraphernalia.
This is a list of species and genera that are used as entheogens or are used in an entheogenic concoction (such as ayahuasca). For ritualistic use they may be classified as hallucinogens . The active principles and historical significance of each are also listed to illustrate the requirements necessary to be categorized as an entheogen.
The Harvard Psilocybin Project was a series of experiments in psychology conducted by Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert.The founding board of the project consisted of Leary, Aldous Huxley, David McClelland (Leary's and Alpert's superior at Harvard University), [21] Frank Barron, Ralph Metzner, and two graduate students who were working on a project with mescaline.
Articles related to Entheogens.In strict sense entheogen means any substance which traditionally has been used in religious, shamanic, or spiritual context. More broadly, the term entheogen is used to refer to any psychoactive substances when used for their religious or spiritual effects, whether or not in a formal religious or traditional structure.
There are many pieces of archaeological evidence in reference to the use of entheogens early in the history of Mesoamerica. Olmec burial sites with remains of the Bufo toad (Bufo marinus), Maya mushroom effigies, [dubious – discuss] and Spanish writings all point to a heavy involvement with psychoactive substances in the Aztec lifestyle.
Carl Ruck is best known for his work along with other scholars in mythology and religion on the sacred role of entheogens, or psychoactive plants that induce an altered state of consciousness, as used in religious or shamanistic rituals. His focus has been on the use of entheogens in classical western culture, as well as their historical ...
The consumption of hallucinogenic plants as entheogens goes back to thousands of years. Psychoactive plants contain hallucinogenic particles that provoke an altered state of consciousness, which are known to have been used during spiritual rituals among cultures such as the Aztec, the Maya , and Inca. [ 1 ]