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Diamond and graphite are two allotropes of carbon: pure forms of the same element that differ in crystalline structure.. Allotropy or allotropism (from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos) 'other' and τρόπος (tropos) 'manner, form') is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements.
Lonsdaleite is an allotrope sometimes called "hexagonal diamond", formed from graphite present in meteorites upon their impact on the earth. The great heat and pressure of the impact transforms the graphite into a denser form similar to diamond but retaining graphite's hexagonal crystal lattice. "Hexagonal diamond" has also been synthesized in ...
Triatomic oxygen (ozone, O 3) is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is a pale blue gas at standard temperature and pressure. Liquid and solid O 3 have a deeper blue color than ordinary O 2, and they are unstable and explosive. [5] [6] In its gas phase, ozone is destructive to materials like rubber and fabric and is damaging to lung tissue ...
The white allotrope can be produced using several methods. In the industrial process, phosphate rock is heated in an electric or fuel-fired furnace in the presence of carbon and silica. [5] Elemental phosphorus is then liberated as a vapour and can be collected under phosphoric acid.
Graphene (/ ˈ ɡ r æ f iː n /) [1] is a carbon allotrope consisting of a single layer of atoms arranged in a honeycomb planar nanostructure. [2] [3] The name "graphene" is derived from "graphite" and the suffix -ene, indicating the presence of double bonds within the carbon structure.
Below 912 °C (1,674 °F), iron has a body-centered cubic (bcc) crystal structure and is known as α-iron or ferrite.It is thermodynamically stable and a fairly soft metal. α-Fe can be subjected to pressures up to ca. 15 GPa before transforming into a high-pressure form termed ε-Fe discussed below.
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This soft, brittle allotrope of arsenic has a steel gray, metallic color, and is a good conductor. [2] The rhombohedral form of this allotrope is analogous to the phosphorus allotrope black phosphorus. In its α-form, As 6 rings in chair confirmations are condensed into packed layers lying perpendicular to the crystallographic c axis. Within ...