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Peter (fl. 1863) (also known as Gordon, or "Whipped Peter", or "Poor Peter") was an escaped American slave who was the subject of photographs documenting the extensive scarring of his back from whippings received in slavery.
A slave owner named B. T. E. Mabry of Beatie's Bluff, Madison County, Mississippi placed a runaway slave ad in 1848 that described the missing man as "has been severely whipped, which has left large raised scars or whelks in the small of his back and on his abdomen nearly as large as a persons finger". [3]
Texas seceded from the United States in 1861 and joined the Confederate States of America on the eve of the American Civil War. It replaced the pro-Union governor, Sam Houston, in the process. During the war, slavery in Texas was little affected, and prices for enslaved people remained high until the last few months of the war.
In response to the 1619 Project and its examination of slavery, Texas leaders have Texas 1836 Project that highlights their state’s contributions.
Slavery in the United States: A Social, Political, and Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. Seidule, Ty (2020). Robert E. Lee and Me: A Southerner's Reckoning with the Myth of the Lost Cause. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1250239266. Silkenat, David. Scars on the Land: An Environmental History of Slavery in the American South. New York ...
Whipping has been used as a form of discipline on slaves. [18] It was routinely carried out during the period of slavery in the United States, by slave owners and their slaves. The power was also given to slave "patrolers," an early form of police forces who were authorized to whip any slave who violated the slave codes.
Texas' annexation as a state that tolerated slavery had caused tension in the United States among slave states and those that did not allow slavery. The tension was partially defused with the Compromise of 1850 , in which Texas ceded some of its territory to the federal government to become non-slave-owning areas but gained El Paso.
Medical examination photo of Gordon showing his scourged back, widely distributed by Abolitionists to expose the brutality of slavery. A scourge is a whip or lash, especially a multi-thong type, used to inflict severe corporal punishment or self-mortification. It is usually made of leather.