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The anterior cingulate cortex can be divided anatomically based on cognitive , and emotional components. [5] The dorsal part of the ACC is connected with the prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex , as well as the motor system and the frontal eye fields , [ 6 ] making it a central station for processing top-down and bottom-up stimuli and ...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Other names: Formerly: Attention deficit disorder (ADD), hyperkinetic disorder (HD) [1]: ADHD arises from maldevelopment in brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia and anterior cingulate cortex, which regulate the executive functions necessary for human self-regulation.
An anterior cingulate circuit that involves projections from the ACC to the ventral striatum, through the rostrolateral GPi/VP/rostrodorsal SNr, which returns via the posteromedial medialis dorsalis. A problem identified with the current anatomy of the circuit is that the time delay between the direct and indirect pathways should result in this ...
The salience network is theorized to mediate switching between the default mode network and central executive network. [1] [2]The salience network (SN), also known anatomically as the midcingulo-insular network (M-CIN) or ventral attention network, is a large scale network of the human brain that is primarily composed of the anterior insula (AI) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC).
The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain situated in the medial aspect of the cerebral cortex. The cingulate cortex includes the entire cingulate gyrus, which lies immediately above the corpus callosum, and the continuation of this in the cingulate sulcus. The cingulate cortex is usually considered part of the limbic lobe.
Simplified diagram of frontal cortex to striatum to thalamus pathways. There are five defined frontostriatal circuits: motor and oculomotor circuits originating in the frontal eye fields are involved in motor functions; while dorsolateral prefrontal, orbital frontal, and anterior cingulate circuits are involved in executive functions, social behavior and motivational states. [2]
Among people experiencing PTSD, lower activation was found in the posterior cingulate gyrus compared to controls, and severe PTSD was characterized by lower connectivity within the DMN. [43] [54] Adults and children with ADHD show reduced anticorrelation between the DMN and other brain networks. [55] [56] The cause may be a lag in brain ...
Side view of the brain, illustrating dorsolateral prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in emotional drives, experience and integration. [12] Associated cognitive functions include inhibition of inappropriate responses, decision making and motivated behaviors.