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Diagnosis of schizophrenia from all other diagnoses Sensitivity 57.0 (50.4, 63.3) Specificity 81.4 (74.0, 87.1) 48% (15% to 84%) Prevalence of 48%: 48 out of every 100 people with all other mental health diagnoses will have schizophrenia. The result means that, of these, 21 will not be identified as having schizophrenia by use of FRS (43% of 48).
Paraphrenia is often associated with a physical change in the brain, such as a tumor, stroke, ventricular enlargement, or neurodegenerative process. [4] Research that reviewed the relationship between organic brain lesions and the development of delusions suggested that "brain lesions which lead to subcortical dysfunction could produce delusions when elaborated by an intact cortex".
The causes of schizophrenia that underlie the development of schizophrenia, a psychiatric disorder, are complex and not clearly understood.A number of hypotheses including the dopamine hypothesis, and the glutamate hypothesis have been put forward in an attempt to explain the link between altered brain function and the symptoms and development of schizophrenia.
The first of these, in 1884-1885 was what was then diagnosed as dementia praecox (later known as paranoid schizophrenia or schizophrenia, paranoid type). He described his second mental illness , from 1893 to 1902, making also a brief reference to the first disorder from 1884 to 1885, in his book Memoirs of A Nervous Illness ( German ...
Specifically, grandiose delusions are frequently found in paranoid schizophrenia, in which a person has an extremely exaggerated sense of their significance, personality, knowledge, or authority. For example, the person may declare to be the owner of a major corporation and kindly offer to write a hospital staff member a check for $5 million if ...
[3] [16] Biological elements, such as chemical imbalances in the brain and alcohol and drug use are a contributing factor to persecutory delusion. Genetic elements are also thought to influence, family members with schizophrenia and delusional disorder are at a higher risk of developing persecutory delusion. [17]
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A thought disorder (TD) is a disturbance in cognition which affects language, thought and communication. [1] [2] Psychiatric and psychological glossaries in 2015 and 2017 identified thought disorders as encompassing poverty of ideas, neologisms, paralogia (a reasoning disorder characterized by expression of illogical or delusional thoughts), word salad, and delusions—all disturbances of ...