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Throughout most of the 19th century Britain was the most powerful country in the world. [16] The period from 1815 to 1914, known as the Pax Britannica, was a time of relatively peaceful relations between the world's great powers. This is particularly true of Britain's interactions with the others. [17]
The Victorian Church (2 vol 1966), covers all denominations online; Clark, G. Kitson The making of Victorian England (1963). online; Corey, Melinda, and George Ochoa, eds. The encyclopedia of the Victorian world: a reader's companion to the people, places, events, and everyday life of the Victorian era (Henry Holt, 1996) online
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days—which was longer than those of any of her predecessors—constituted the Victorian era.
Victorians standardised the rules for association football, or soccer, based on a range of games already played, such as the Eton wall game.; Walter Clopton Wingfield invented the game of lawn tennis, which allowed young men and women to socialise together, and to get more exercise than by playing the sedate game of croquet.
The Victorian gold rush began in 1851 In ten years the Australian population nearly tripled. [10] In 1853, Britain fought alongside France in the Crimean War against Russia. The goal was to ensure that Russia could not benefit from the declining status of the Ottoman Empire, [11] a strategic consideration known as the Eastern Question.
Railways contributed to the transformation of Britain from a rural to a predominantly urban society. [3] Historians have characterised the mid-Victorian era (1850–1870) as Britain's "Golden Years". [4] [5] It was not till the two to three decades following the Second World War that substantial economic growth was seen again.
The most disadvantaged people in the United Kingdom are no better-off than they were 15 years ago, according to a new report, which finds a “yawning gap between those who can get by and those ...
Victorian England became known throughout Europe for its bland and unappetizing food but many housewives cooked in this fashion since it was the safest way to prepare food before refrigeration. [2] The Victorian breakfast was usually a heavy meal: sausages, preserves, bacon and eggs, served with bread rolls.