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Overdiagnosis is the diagnosis of disease that will never cause symptoms or death during a patient's ordinarily expected lifetime [1] and thus presents no practical threat regardless of being pathologic. Overdiagnosis is a side effect of screening for early forms of disease.
Fetal abnormalities are conditions that affect a fetus or embryo, are able to be diagnosed prenatally, and may be fatal or cause disease after birth.They may include aneuploidies, structural abnormalities, or neoplasms.
Lead time bias occurs if testing increases the perceived survival time without affecting the course of the disease. Lead time bias happens when survival time appears longer because diagnosis was done earlier (for instance, by screening), irrespective of whether the patient lived longer.
Overdiagnosis is the diagnosis of "disease" that will never cause symptoms or death during a patient's lifetime. [9] It is a problem because it turns people into patients unnecessarily and because it can lead to economic waste [10] (overutilization) and treatments that may cause harm. Overdiagnosis occurs when a disease is diagnosed correctly ...
The Pearl Index, also called the Pearl rate, is the most common technique used in clinical trials for reporting the effectiveness of a birth control method. It is a very approximate measure of the number of unintended pregnancies in 100 woman-years of exposure that is simple to calculate, but has a number of methodological deficiencies.
The problem of overdiagnosis in cancer screening is that at the time of diagnosis it not possible to differentiate between a harmless lesion and lethal one, unless the patient is not treated and dies from other causes. [32] So almost all patients tend to be treated, leading to what is called overtreatment. As researchers Welch and Black put it ...
They are one of the three major causes of death in pregnancy (16%) along with post partum bleeding (13%) and puerperal infections (2%). [6] Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, are a major contributor to maternal and fetal illness and death on a worldwide scale.
Eclampsia is the onset of seizures (convulsions) in a woman with pre-eclampsia. [1] Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that presents with three main features: new onset of high blood pressure, large amounts of protein in the urine or other organ dysfunction, and edema.