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A map of East Africa showing some of the historically active volcanoes (as red triangles) and the Afar Triangle (shaded at the center), which is a so-called triple junction (or triple point) where three plates are pulling away from one another: the Arabian plate and two parts of the African plate—the Nubian and Somali—splitting along the East African Rift Zone Main rift faults, plates ...
Today, the Arabian plate is experiencing a crustal down pull, or slab pull, that has separated from the African plate. At the same time as the subduction in the north, there was mantle upwelling causing the crust to down warp and swell into domes throughout the East African Rift System. The Kenyan dome has been studied extensively.
These faults are thought to be the southernmost extensions of the same system of parallel fault lines that are pulling away from each other and have formed East Africa's Great Rift Valley. [5] Parts of the courses of both the Linyanti River and Chobe River , mark the line of these faults today.
Map of the Dead Sea Transform showing the main fault segments and motion of the Arabian plate relative to the African plate, [1] from GPS data The Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault system, also sometimes referred to as the Dead Sea Rift, is a series of faults that run for about 1,000 km from the Marash triple junction (a junction with the East Anatolian Fault in southeastern Turkey) to the ...
Many east-west and northeast–southwest strike-slip and thrust faults occur in the High Atlas. Since 1900, there has not been a M w 6.0 or larger earthquake within 500 km (310 mi) of the recent earthquake's epicenter; but nine M w 5.0 and larger events have occurred to its east. [ 23 ]
Today these rifts and faults are seen as distinct, although connected. Originally, the Great Rift Valley was thought to be a single feature that extended from Lebanon [dubious – discuss] in the north to Mozambique in the south, where it constitutes one of two distinct physiographic provinces of the East African mountains.
Lake Turkana is an East African Rift feature. [18] A rift is a weak place in the Earth's crust due to the separation of two tectonic plates, often accompanied by a graben, or trough, in which lake water can collect. The rift began when East Africa, impelled by currents in the mantle, [19] began separating from the rest of Africa, moving to the ...
One of the best known examples of this process is the East African Rift. [1] On Earth, rifts can occur at all elevations, from the sea floor to plateaus and mountain ranges in continental crust or in oceanic crust. They are often associated with a number of adjoining subsidiary or co-extensive valleys, which are typically considered part of the ...