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A roosting flying fox is positioned upside down with its wings wrapped up. [18] When it gets too warm, a flying fox fans itself with its wings. [12] Roosting bats are restless until midmorning. Female large flying fox gestations are at their highest between November and January in Peninsular Malaysia, but some births occur in other months. [19]
Chuuk flying fox (Pteropus pelagicus) [32] Pelew flying fox (Pteropus pelewensis) Masked flying fox (Pteropus personatus) Large Palau flying fox (Pteropus pilosus) Geelvink Bay flying fox (Pteropus pohlei) Grey-headed flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) Bonin flying fox (Pteropus pselaphon) Little golden-mantled flying fox (Pteropus pumilus)
The great flying fox has a slightly shorter forearm length, and its wingspan is thus presumed to be lesser as well. [13] The wingspan of the Indian flying fox is up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft), [14] while the giant golden-crowned flying fox has a wingspan of 1.5–1.7 m (4.9–5.6 ft). [12]
The large flying fox forms colonies of up to 15,000 individuals, [47] [48] while the little red flying fox forms colonies of up to 100,000 individuals. [37] A few species and subspecies, such as Orii's flying fox (P. dasymallus inopinatus) and the Ceram fruit bat, are solitary. [49] [50]
Flying fox wings were depicted on the war shields of the Asmat people of Indonesia; they believed that the wings offered protection to their warriors. [150] There are modern and historical references to flying fox byproducts used as currency. In New Caledonia, braided flying fox fur was once used as currency. [148]
Roosting groups may be 3–100 individuals. Bats typically change roost locations daily or every few days [13] and may fly as far as 4 km (2.5 mi) to feeding areas. Roost locations may follow the ripening of fruit trees. [5] Alternatively, frequently changing roost sites may be a strategy to decrease predation. [6]
The big-eared flying fox (Pteropus macrotis) is a species of bat in the family Pteropodidae, larger bats who subsist largely on fruits.The species is distributed across a range in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and islands nearing the Cape York Peninsula at the northeast of Australia, at elevations less than 500 metres and often in coastal mangroves.
Livingstone's flying foxes are active both day and night, and are predominantly nocturnal, the highest activity was observed between 10 pm and 2 am. [11] They typically fly to a feeding site a few hours before dusk, taking advantage of hot, daytime thermals, and hang from the trees before beginning to feed after nightfall.