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  2. Chemical Markup Language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_Markup_Language

    Chemical Markup Language (ChemML or CML) is an approach to managing molecular information using tools such as XML and Java. [1] It was the first domain specific implementation based strictly on XML, first based on a DTD [2] and later on an XML Schema, [3] the most robust and widely used system for precise information management in many areas.

  3. Bioelectrochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioelectrochemistry

    Bioelectrochemistry is a branch of electrochemistry and biophysical chemistry concerned with electrophysiological topics like cell electron-proton transport, cell membrane potentials and electrode reactions of redox enzymes.

  4. Bioprocess - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioprocess

    A bioprocess is a specific process that uses complete living cells or their components (e.g., bacteria, enzymes, chloroplasts) to obtain desired products.. Transport of energy and mass is fundamental to many biological and environmental processes.

  5. Process chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_chemistry

    The process chemistry group at Boehringer Ingelheim, for example, targets a VTO of less than 1 for any given synthetic step or chemical process. Additionally, the raw conversion cost of an API synthesis (in dollars per batch) can be calculated from the VTO, given the operating cost and usable capacity of a particular reactor.

  6. Cheminformatics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminformatics

    Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics) refers to the use of physical chemistry theory with computer and information science techniques—so called "in silico" techniques—in application to a range of descriptive and prescriptive problems in the field of chemistry, including in its applications to biology and related molecular fields.

  7. Biosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosynthesis

    Examples of biosynthetic pathways include those for the production of amino acids, lipid membrane components, and nucleotides, but also for the production of all classes of biological macromolecules, and of acetyl-coenzyme A, adenosine triphosphate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and other key intermediate and transactional molecules needed ...

  8. Biomanufacturing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomanufacturing

    Biomanufacturing (or bioproduction) is a type of manufacturing or biotechnology that utilizes biological systems to produce commercially important biomaterials and biomolecules for use in medicines, food and beverage processing, and industrial applications.

  9. Chemical table file - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_table_file

    An MDL Molfile is a file format for holding information about the atoms, bonds, connectivity and coordinates of a molecule.. The molfile consists of some header information, the Connection Table (CT) containing atom info, then bond connections and types, followed by sections for more complex information.