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The Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) is a network protocol for encapsulating Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) frames inside Ethernet frames. It appeared in 1999, in the context of the boom of DSL as the solution for tunneling packets over the DSL connection to the ISP's IP network, and from there to the rest of the Internet.
For example, IP uses IPCP, and Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) uses the Novell IPX Control Protocol . NCPs include fields containing standardized codes to indicate the network layer protocol type that the PPP connection encapsulates. The following NCPs may be used with PPP: IPCP for IP, protocol code number 0x8021, RFC 1332
Internet Protocol over Ethernet (IPoE) is a method of delivering an IP payload over an Ethernet-based access network or an access network using bridged Ethernet over Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) without using PPPoE. It directly encapsulates the IP datagrams in Ethernet frames, using the standard RFC 894 encapsulation.
IP-in-IP IP in IP (encapsulation) RFC 2003: 0x05 5 ST Internet Stream Protocol: RFC 1190, RFC 1819: 0x06 6 TCP Transmission Control Protocol: RFC 793: 0x07 7 CBT Core-based trees: RFC 2189: 0x08 8 EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol: RFC 888: 0x09 9 IGP Interior gateway protocol (any private interior gateway, for example Cisco's IGRP) 0x0A 10 BBN-RCC-MON
However, as in a normal GRE connection, those modified GRE packets are directly encapsulated into IP packets, and seen as IP protocol number 47. The GRE tunnel is used to carry encapsulated PPP packets, allowing the tunnelling of any protocols that can be carried within PPP, including IP , NetBEUI and IPX .
Thus the term static here refers to the nature of remaining unchanged by the system itself. The most prominent example of a static route is a default route which is often used on devices with a statically configured IP address to provide the device with access to the rest of the network or the internet by default. [3]
For the first two shortcuts going backwards is done by using the right ⇧ Shift key instead of the left. ⌘ Cmd+Space (not MBR) Configure desired keypress in Keyboard and Mouse Preferences, Keyboard Shortcuts, Select the next source in Input menu. [1] Ctrl+Alt+K via KDE Keyboard. Alt+⇧ Shift in GNOME. Ctrl+\ Ctrl+Space: Print Ctrl+P: ⌘ ...
Then, the command ipconfig /renew is executed to request a new IP address. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Where a computer is connected to a cable or DSL modem, it may have to be plugged directly into the modem network port to bypass the router, before using ipconfig /release and turning off the power for a period of time, to ensure that the old IP address is ...