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The origin of the geodatabase was in the mid-1990s during the emergence of the first spatial databases.One early approach to integrating relational databases and GIS was the use of server middleware, a third-party program that stores the spatial data in database tables in a custom format, and translates it dynamically into a logical model that can be understood by the client software.
The shapefile format is a digital vector storage format for storing geographic location and associated attribute information. This format lacks the capacity to store topological information. The shapefile format was introduced with ArcView GIS version 2 in the early 1990s. It is now possible to read and write geographical datasets using the ...
ESRI Shapefile; ArcInfo coverages; ArcSDE layers; Images; ArcIMS Services (e.g., Geography Network sources) ArcExplorer performs a variety of basic GIS functions, including display, query, and data retrieval applications. The ArcExplorer installation can be freely distributed on spatial data CDs so recipients can view data effectively.
Some GIS software, such as ArcGIS Pro, natively supports this model, with functionality including animation. Time-stamped boundaries, using the topological vector data model to decompose polygons into boundary segments, and stamping each segment by the time during which it was valid. This method was pioneered by the Great Britain Historical GIS.
Geospatial PDF is a set of geospatial extensions to the Portable Document Format (PDF) 1.7 specification to include information that relates a region in the document page to a region in physical space — called georeferencing. [1] A geospatial PDF can contain geometry such as points, lines, and polygons.
ArcGIS Pro is desktop GIS software developed by Esri, which replaces their ArcMap software generation. [1] The product was announced as part of Esri's ArcGIS 10.3 release, [ 2 ] ArcGIS Pro is notable in having a 64 bit architecture, combined 2-D, 3-D support, ArcGIS Online integration and Python 3 support.
Measure Map Pro format – XML data format to store GIS data; National Transfer Format (NTF) – National Transfer Format (mostly used by the UK Ordnance Survey) Spatialite – a spatial extension to SQLite, providing vector geodatabase functionality. It is similar to PostGIS, Oracle Spatial, and SQL Server with spatial extensions
With the release of ArcGIS Pro 3.0 in June, 2022 all *.aprx project files can be read by version 3.0; however, if the project is saved it will render the project file to be incompatible with version 2.9.x and earlier. [56] ArcGIS Pro 1.0 was released in January 2015. [57] ArcGIS Pro 2.6 was released in July 2020. [58] Noted features added ...