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The rate of overweight and obesity in Brazilian children increased from 4% in the 1980s to 14% in the 1990s. [105] In 2007 the prevalence of children overweight and childhood obesity was 11.1% and 2.7% in girls, 8.2% and 1.5% in boys, respectively. [106]
MyPlate is the latest nutrition guide from the USDA. The USDA's first dietary guidelines were published in 1894 by Wilbur Olin Atwater as a farmers' bulletin. [4] Since then, the USDA has provided a variety of nutrition guides for the public, including the Basic 7 (1943–1956), the Basic Four (1956–1992), the Food Guide Pyramid (1992–2005), and MyPyramid (2005–2013).
Childhood obesity in the United States, has been a serious problem among children and adolescents, and can cause serious health problems among our youth. According to the CDC, as of 2015–2016, in the United States, 18.5% of children and adolescents have obesity, which affects approximately 13.7 million children and adolescents.
In the United States the number of children a person has had is related to their risk of obesity. A woman's risk of obesity increases by 7% per child, while a man's risk increases by 4% per child. [24] This could be partly explained by the fact that having dependent children decreases physical activity in Western parents. [25]
In 2006, the Canadian Obesity Network, now known as Obesity Canada published the "Canadian Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) on the Management and Prevention of Obesity in Adults and Children". This is a comprehensive evidence-based guideline to address the management and prevention of overweight and obesity in adults and children. [96]
Between the ages of 4–5 years the costs of childhood obesity, according to the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, has incurred significantly higher medical and pharmaceutical bills. [4] The health system comprised direct health care, indirect health care, and burden of disease costs was estimated at $58.2 billion in 2008. [ 10 ]
The guidelines attempt to address the prevention and management of obesity at both the individual and population levels in both children and adults. [5] The European Union published clinical practice guidelines in 2008 in an effort to address the rising rates of obesity in Europe. [107] Australia came out with practice guidelines in 2004. [106]
Obesity and BMI An obese male with a body mass index of 53 kg/m 2: weight 182 kg (400 lb), height 185 cm (6 ft 1 in). Obesity classification is a ranking of obesity, the medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it has an adverse effect on health. [1]