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The motif-index and the ATU indices are regarded as standard tools in the study of folklore. For example, folklorist Mary Beth Stein said that, "Together with Thompson's six-volume Motif-Index of Folk-Literature, with which it is cross-indexed, The Types of Folktale constitutes the most important reference work and research tool for comparative folk-tale analysis. [1]
The Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index (ATU Index) is a catalogue of folktale types used in folklore studies.The ATU index is the product of a series of revisions and expansions by an international group of scholars: Originally published in German by Finnish folklorist Antti Aarne (1910), [1] the index was translated into English, revised, and expanded by American folklorist Stith Thompson (1928 ...
Narrative folk poetry is often characterized by repetition, a focus on a single event (within an overall epic narrative if present), and an impersonal narration, as well as use of exaggeration and contrast. [7] It is thought that epics such as The Iliad, and The Odyssey derive from, or are modeled on earlier folk-poetry forms. [8]
A German folk tale, Hansel and Gretel; illustration by Arthur Rackham, 1909. Folklore is the body of expressive culture shared by a particular group of people, culture or subculture. [1] This includes oral traditions such as tales, myths, legends, proverbs, poems, jokes, and other oral traditions.
Common parlance conflates fairy tales with beast fables and other folktales, and scholars differ on the degree to which the presence of fairies and/or similarly mythical beings (e.g., elves, goblins, trolls, giants, huge monsters, or mermaids) should be taken as a differentiator.
Fairy tales are stories that range from those in folklore to more modern stories defined as literary fairy tales. Despite subtle differences in the categorizing of fairy tales, folklore, fables, myths, and legends, a modern definition of the literary fairy tale, as provided by Jens Tismar's monograph in German, [1] is a story that differs "from an oral folk tale" in that it is written by "a ...
Shahnameh, the national epic of Greater Iran and world's longest epic poetry written by one poet; Mem and Zin, a Kurdish folk and love epic; Sirat Bani Hilal, an Arabic epic recounting the journeys and conquests of the Bani Hilal tribe; One Thousand and One Nights, also known as "the Arabian Nights", is a collection of Middle Eastern folktales
Perrault derived almost all his tales from folk sources, but rewrote them for the upper-class audience, removing rustic elements. The précieuses rewrote them even more extensively for their own interests. [1] Collection of folk tales as such only began about 1860, but was fruitful for the next decades. [2]