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Sino-Korean words constitute a large portion of South Korean vocabulary, the remainder being native Korean words and loanwords from other languages, such as Japanese and English to a lesser extent. Sino-Korean words are typically used in formal or literary contexts, [ 5 ] and to express abstract or complex ideas.
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It uses the Korean alphabet, created in December 1443 CE by the Joseon-era king Sejong the Great. [1] Unlike the North Korean standard language (문화어, Munhwaŏ), the South Korean standard language includes many Sino-Korean words (i.e., loan-words from Chinese or Japanese), as well as some from English and other European languages. [2]
Guk is a native Korean word, while tang is a Sino-Korean word that originally meant "boiling water" or "soup". Tang has been used as an honorific term in place of guk , when it denotes the same meaning as guk as in yeonpo-tang (연포탕, octopus soup), daegu-tang (대구탕, codfish soup), or jogae-tang (조개탕, clam soup).
Gui (Korean: 구이; Korean pronunciation:) refers to grilled dishes in Korean cuisine. [1] Gui most commonly has meat or fish as the primary ingredient, but may, in some cases also have grilled vegetables or other vegetarian ingredients. The term derives from the verb gupda , which literally means "grill".
Hanja were once used to write native Korean words, in a variety of systems collectively known as idu, but by the 20th century Koreans used hanja only for writing Sino-Korean words, while writing native vocabulary and loanwords from other languages in Hangul, a system known as mixed script. By the 21st century, even Sino-Korean words are usually ...
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[20] [45] Sino-Korean words have also disrupted the native structure in which l does not occur in word-initial position, and words show vowel harmony. [20] Chinese morphemes have been used extensively in all these languages to coin compound words for new concepts in a similar way to the use of Latin and Greek roots in English. [46]