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The one-child policy was a tool for China to not only address overpopulation, but to also address poverty alleviation and increase social mobility by consolidating the combined inherited wealth of the two previous generations into the investment and success of one child instead of having these resources spread thinly across multiple children. [85]
The one-child policy had various exemptions, including twins, rural families who could have more children due to the necessities of farm work, and ethnic minorities. [20]: 58 The strict limitation of one child applied to approximately 35% of China's population. [22]: 63 The 1980 Marriage Law described birth planning as a national duty.
One Child Nation is a 2019 American documentary film directed by Nanfu Wang and Jialing Zhang about the fallout of China's one-child policy that lasted from 1979 to 2015. The documentary is made up of various interviews with former village chiefs, state officials, ex-human traffickers, artists, midwives, journalists, researchers, and victims of the one-child policy.
Chinese women haunted by their parents’ struggles and their own sacrifices under the one-child policy eye parenthood with reluctance – making Beijing’s pro-birth push a tough sell.
"China: Treatment of "illegal," or "black," children born outside the one-child family planning policy; whether unregistered children are denied access to education, health care and other social services (2003–2007)". Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 26 June 2007; Zhou, Yingying; Lavely, William (2004).
China infamously once limited couples to one child each to control population growth. That led to a shortage of young people, and in 2016 the government upped the limit to two children. In 2021 ...
However, due to longstanding government pressure to reduce fertility and the economic barriers to child-rearing, including the lack of sufficient childcare, many Chinese women express a desire to only have one child, despite the changes in policy. [16] The lasting effects of China's family planning policies remain hotly debated.
The National Population and Family Planning Commission (NPFPC; 2003–2013), formerly the National Family Planning Commission (NFPC; 1981–2003), was a cabinet-level executive department under the State Council, responsible for population and family planning policy in the People's Republic of China.