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Aortic valve stenosis is the most common cause of LVOTO. Aortic valve stenosis means the aortic valve has narrowed and is not opening freely. The aortic valve opens to allow blood to flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. Stenosis here leads to a narrowing of the passage for blood to flow out of the left ventricle, thus a LVOTO.
Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) [1] [2] is a congenital condition whereby the aorta is narrow, usually in the area where the ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum after regression) inserts. The word coarctation means "pressing or drawing together; narrowing".
Heart defects are among the most common birth defect, occurring in 1% of live births (2–3% including bicuspid aortic valve). [11] In 2013, 34.3 million people had CHD. In 2010, they resulted in 223,000 deaths, down from 278,000 deaths in 1990.
Increasing age, with the highest risk after ages 45 in men and 55 in women Being assigned male at birth Family history, especially having a genetic disorder called familial hypercholesterolemia
Symptoms may appear at birth or after birth. The severity of symptoms depends on the type of TGV, and the type and size of other heart defects that may be present (ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, or patent ductus arteriosus). Most babies with TGA have blue skin color (cyanosis) in the first hours or days of their lives, since ...
In either case, a variable degree of obstruction may be observed at the ventricular surface of the aortic valve. [1] This presents an obstruction of flow of blood from the ventricle to the aorta. Coarctation of the aorta which is, narrowing of a section of the aorta may also be observed. [1]
an overriding aorta, which is where the aorta expands to allow blood from both ventricles to enter. At birth, children may be asymptomatic or present with many severe symptoms. [10] Later in infancy, there are typically episodes of bluish colour to the skin due to a lack of sufficient oxygenation, known as cyanosis. [2]
Interrupted aortic arch is a very rare heart defect (affecting 3 per million live births) [1] in which the aorta is not completely developed. There is a gap between the ascending and descending thoracic aorta. In a sense it is the complete form of a coarctation of the aorta. Almost all patients also have other cardiac anomalies, including a ...