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The following diagnostic systems and rating scales are used in psychiatry and clinical psychology.This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. For instance, in the category of depression, there are over two dozen depression rating scales that have been developed in the past eighty years.
Dream Analysis: Notes of the Seminar Given in 1928–1930 is a book by Swiss psychiatrist, Carl Gustav Jung. It was first published in English in 1984. [1] In 1991, it was translated and published in the German language. [2] Its overall premise is to provide further clarification upon Jung's dream analysis methods.
Resistance interpretation: showing the patient how they are avoiding their problems; Transference interpretation: showing the patient ways old conflicts arise in current relationships, including that with the analyst; or; Dream interpretation: obtaining the patient's thoughts about their dreams and connecting this with their current problems.
Some depression rating scales are completed by patients. The Beck Depression Inventory, for example, is a 21-question self-report inventory that covers symptoms such as irritability, fatigue, weight loss, lack of interest in sex, and feelings of guilt, hopelessness or fear of being punished. [11]
Psychoanalytic dream interpretation is the process of explaining the meaning of the way the unconscious thoughts and emotions are processed in the mind during sleep. There have been a number of methods used in psychoanalytic dream interpretation, including Freud's method of dream interpretation, the symbolic method, and the decoding method.
However, unlike the life-or-death tests described by natural selection theory to evolve a genome, emotional selection theory employs dreams to both modify and test mental schemas during sleep. The schemas targeted by emotional selection are typically those essential for meeting human needs , such as those define by Abraham Maslow and Henry Murray .
In the 17th century, the English physician and writer Sir Thomas Browne wrote a short tract upon the interpretation of dreams. Dream interpretation became an important part of psychoanalysis at the end of the 19th century with Sigmund Freud's seminal work The Interpretation of Dreams (Die Traumdeutung; literally "dream-interpretation"). [10]
Thus, in his seminar notes of 1936 and 1937, forming the first part of his synthesis work On the Interpretation of Dreams, he draws up a historical panorama ranging from Artemidorus of Daldis (2nd c.) with his Five Books on the Art of Interpreting Dreams, to Macrobius (b. c. 370), through his Commentary on the Dream of Scipio, and Synesios of ...
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