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Intraosseous infusion (IO) is the process of injecting medication, fluids, or blood products directly into the bone marrow; [1] this provides a non-collapsible entry point into the systemic venous system. [2] The intraosseous infusion technique is used to provide fluids and medication when intravenous access is not
It covers ICD codes 800 to 999. The full chapter can be found on pages 473 to 546 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1. Both volumes can be downloaded for free from the website of the World Health Organization.
The sternum is a narrow, flat bone, forming the middle portion of the front of the chest. The top of the sternum supports the clavicles (collarbones) and its edges join with the costal cartilages of the first two pairs of ribs. The inner surface of the sternum is also the attachment of the sternopericardial ligaments. [2]
Median sternotomy is a type of surgical procedure in which a vertical inline incision is made along the sternum, after which the sternum itself is divided using a sternal saw. [1] This procedure provides access to the heart and lungs for surgical procedures such as heart transplant , lung transplant , corrective surgery for congenital heart ...
The retrosternal passage performed in the Nuss procedure carries a high risk of damaging the heart. This is why multiple sternal elevation systems have been developed to increase the space between the heart and the sternum in order to pass the thoracoplasty rod more safely. [6] [7] [8] [9]
Common techniques include Simplex noise, fractals, or the diamond-square algorithm, which can generate 2-dimensional heightmaps. A version of scenery generator can be very simplistic. Using a diamond-square algorithm with some extra steps involving fractals an algorithm for random generation of terrain can be made with only 120 lines of code.
External fixation is a surgical treatment wherein Kirschner pins and wires are inserted and affixed into bone and then exit the body to be attached to an external apparatus composed of rings and threaded rods — the Ilizarov apparatus, the Taylor Spatial Frame, and the Octopod External Fixator — which immobilises the damaged limb to facilitate healing. [1]
Vertical lines: Midline, lateral sternal line, parasternal line and midclavicular line. Horizontal lines: Level of the sternal angle, and zipho-sternal line. Anatomical "lines", or "reference lines," are theoretical lines drawn through anatomical structures and are used to describe anatomical location.