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  2. Ultra-high-purity steam for oxidation and annealing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-high-purity_steam...

    Oxygen: If oxygen makes up part of the process recipe during wet oxidation, it will reduce the water vapor partial pressure, slowing the overall growth rate. Because the oxidation rate of silicon with oxygen molecules to water molecules is almost ten times slower, variability in the oxygen to water vapor pressure can lead to process variability.

  3. Vapor-compression desalination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor-compression_desalination

    The effect of compressing water vapor can be done by two methods. The first method utilizes an ejector system motivated by steam at manometric pressure from an external source in order to recycle vapor from the desalination process. The form is designated ejectocompression or thermocompression. Using the second method, water vapor is compressed ...

  4. Flash evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_evaporation

    The water is heated and then routed into a reduced-pressure flash evaporation "stage" where some of the water flashes into steam. This steam is subsequently condensed into salt-free water. The residual salty liquid from that first stage is introduced into a second flash evaporation stage at a pressure lower than the first stage pressure.

  5. Water vapor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor

    Water vapor can also be indirect evidence supporting the presence of extraterrestrial liquid water in the case of some planetary mass objects. Water vapor, which reacts to temperature changes, is referred to as a 'feedback', because it amplifies the effect of forces that initially cause the warming. Therefore, it is a greenhouse gas. [2]

  6. Selective catalytic reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_catalytic_reduction

    2), and water (H 2 O). A reductant, typically anhydrous ammonia (NH 3), aqueous ammonia (NH 4 OH), or a urea (CO(NH 2) 2) solution, is added to a stream of flue or exhaust gas and is reacted onto a catalyst. As the reaction drives toward completion, nitrogen (N 2), and carbon dioxide (CO 2), in the case of urea use, are produced. Selective ...

  7. Ventilation (architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventilation_(architecture)

    This can include water vapor control, lavatory effluent control, solvent vapors from industrial processes, and dust from wood- and metal-working machinery. Air can be exhausted through pressurized hoods or the use of fans and pressurizing a specific area. [35] A local exhaust system is composed of five basic parts:

  8. Resource efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_efficiency

    A key tool in resource efficiency is measuring different aspects of resource use (e.g. carbon footprint, water footprint, land footprint or material use), then identifying 'hot spots' where the most resources are used or where there are the best opportunities to reduce this resource use.

  9. Boiler feedwater - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiler_feedwater

    Both effects will reduce the pipe's overall thermal efficiency when used as a heat exchanger. Boiler feedwater is the water which is supplied to a boiler. The feed water is put into the steam drum from a feed pump. In the steam drum the feed water is then turned into steam from the heat. After the steam is used, it is then dumped to the main ...