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  2. Frequency modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation

    Frequency modulation and phase modulation are the two complementary principal methods of angle modulation; phase modulation is often used as an intermediate step to achieve frequency modulation. These methods contrast with amplitude modulation , in which the amplitude of the carrier wave varies, while the frequency and phase remain constant.

  3. Differential Manchester encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_Manchester...

    Differential Manchester encoding (DM) is a line code in digital frequency modulation in which data and clock signals are combined to form a single two-level self-synchronizing data stream. Each data bit is encoded by a presence or absence of signal level transition in the middle of the bit period, followed by the mandatory level transition at ...

  4. Types of radio emissions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_radio_emissions

    An emission designation is of the form BBBB 123 45, where BBBB is the bandwidth of the signal, 1 is a letter indicating the type of modulation used of the main carrier (not including any subcarriers which is why FM stereo is F8E and not D8E), 2 is a digit representing the type of modulating signal again of the main carrier, 3 is a letter ...

  5. Modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation

    The lower frequency band occupied by the modulation signal is called the baseband, while the higher frequency band occupied by the modulated carrier is called the passband. [citation needed] In analog modulation, an analog modulation signal is "impressed" on the carrier.

  6. List of amateur radio modes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_amateur_radio_modes

    Most amateur digital modes are transmitted by inserting audio into the microphone input of a radio and using an analog scheme, such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or single-sideband modulation (SSB). Amateur teleprinting over radio (AMTOR) D-STAR (Digital Data) a high speed (128 kbit/s), data-only mode.

  7. Modified frequency modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_frequency_modulation

    Modified frequency modulation (MFM) is a run-length limited (RLL) line code [1] used to encode data on most floppy disks and some hard disk drives.It was first introduced on hard disks in 1970 with the IBM 3330 and then in floppy disk drives beginning with the IBM 53FD in 1976.

  8. Pulse-frequency modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-frequency_modulation

    Pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) is a modulation method for representing an analog signal using only two levels (1 and 0). It is analogous to pulse-width modulation (PWM), in which the magnitude of an analog signal is encoded in the duty cycle of a square wave .

  9. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-hopping_spread...

    In addition, dynamic radio frequency interference is expected to occur in the scenarios related to cognitive radio, where the networks and the devices should exhibit frequency-agile operation. Chirp modulation can be seen as a form of frequency-hopping that simply scans through the available frequencies in consecutive order to communicate.