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The reservoir emptying through the failed Teton Dam on June 5, 1976 Ruins of the dam of Vega de Tera (Spain) after breaking in 1959. A dam failure or dam burst is a catastrophic type of structural failure characterized by the sudden, rapid, and uncontrolled release of impounded water or the likelihood of such an uncontrolled release. [1]
In 2005, the Discovery Channel show Ultimate 10 rated the Banqiao Dam failure as the greatest technological catastrophe in the world, beating the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in the Soviet Union. Discovery cited the death toll to be 240,000, which included 140,000 deaths due to famine, infections and epidemics. [4] [5] [27]
The following table lists the largest man-made dams by volume of fill/structure. By general definition, a dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams, hence tailings dams are relegated to a separate list. Data on volume of structure is not as easily available or reliable as data on dam height and reservoir volume.
Failure of Laurel Run Dam and flash flooding, Johnstown, Pennsylvania: United States: 1977 78 Austin Dam failure United States: 1911 77+ 2019 Iran floods: Iran: 2019 73 1993 Kagoshima Heavy Rain, mudslide and debris flow Japan: 1993 72+ Nigeria floods Nigeria: 2012 72 Gudbrandsdalen flood and landslides Norway: 1789 69 2005 levee failures in ...
In August 1975, the Banqiao dam collapsed, creating the third-largest flood in history which affected a total population of 10.15 million and inundated around 30 cities and counties of 12,000 square kilometers (or 3 million acres), with an estimated death toll ranging from tens of thousands to 240,000.
This is a list of structural failures and collapses of buildings and other structures including bridges, dams, and radio masts/towers. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
The Kakhovka Dam raised the natural level of the Dnieper River by 16 m (52 ft), [17] flooding the Great Meadow and creating the Kakhovka Reservoir. This was the second-largest reservoir in Ukraine by area (2,155 km 2 [832 sq mi]) and the largest by water volume (18.19 km 3 [4.36 cu mi]). [17] [18]
The first dam on the Machchhu river, named Machchhu I, was built in 1959, having a catchment area of 730 square kilometres (280 sq mi). The Machchhu II dam was constructed downstream of Machchhu I in 1972, and has a catchment area of 1,929 square kilometres (745 sq mi). [5] It was an earthfill dam. The dam was meant to serve an irrigation scheme.