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Fructose malabsorption, formerly named dietary fructose intolerance (DFI), is a digestive disorder [1] in which absorption of fructose is impaired by deficient fructose carriers in the small intestine's enterocytes. This results in an increased concentration of fructose. Intolerance to fructose was first identified and reported in 1956. [2]
Food intolerances can be classified according to their mechanism. Intolerance can result from the absence of specific chemicals or enzymes needed to digest a food substance, as in hereditary fructose intolerance. It may be a result of an abnormality in the body's ability to absorb nutrients, as occurs in fructose malabsorption.
Fructose intolerance may refer to: Fructose malabsorption , a digestive disorder of the small intestine in which the fructose carrier in enterocytes is deficient Hereditary fructose intolerance , a hereditary condition caused by a deficiency of liver enzymes that metabolise fructose
The key identifying feature of HFI is the appearance of symptoms with the introduction of fructose to the diet. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Affected individuals are asymptomatic and healthy, provided they do not ingest foods containing fructose or any of its common precursors, sucrose and sorbitol .
The lack of two important enzymes in fructose metabolism results in the development of two inborn errors in carbohydrate metabolism – essential fructosuria and hereditary fructose intolerance. In addition, reduced phosphorylation potential within hepatocytes can occur with intravenous infusion of fructose.
Lactose intolerance is found in most adults, except for specific geographic populations, notably those of European descent. [20] Many who benefit from a low FODMAP diet need not restrict fructose or lactose. It is possible to identify these two conditions with hydrogen and methane breath testing, thus eliminating the necessity for dietary ...
Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) results in poor feeding, failure to thrive, chronic liver disease and chronic kidney disease, and death. HFI is caused by a deficiency of fructose 1,6-biphosphate aldolase in the liver, kidney cortex and small intestine. Infants and adults are asymptomatic unless they ingest fructose or sucrose. [citation ...
Fructose malabsorption (FM) and dietary fructose intolerance (= intestinal FI ) iFI are not 100% identical. FM just means bad resorption of fructose in the small intesine so that not all fructose is resorbed and thus reaches the large intestine: About 1/3 of the population have this FM (several medice papers about H2 breath tests) - this alone ...
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