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The first of the 2009 Sumatra earthquakes (Indonesian: Gempa bumi Sumatra 2009) occurred on 30 September off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia with a moment magnitude of 7.6 at 17:16:10 local time. The epicenter was 45 kilometres (28 mi) west-northwest of Padang , West Sumatra , and 220 kilometres (140 mi) southwest of Pekanbaru , Riau .
The 2009 Sumatra earthquakes destroyed 135,000 homes and damaged 144,000 others in the Padang-Pariaman-Agam-Padang Pariaman area, with damage totaling $2.3 billion. At least 1,119 people died and 2,912 others sustained injuries. [174] A tsunami with a height of 27 cm (11 in) was observed. 1,119 2,912
Hayes, G.P. et al. 2013, Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2012 Sumatra and vicinity: USGS Open-File Report 2010–1083-L, scale 1:6,000,000 Jones, E.S. et al. 2014, Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2012 Java and vicinity: USGS Open-File Report 2010–1083-N, 1 sheet, scale 1:5,000,000 , Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2012 Java and vicinity
March 2007 Sumatra earthquakes: Doublet earthquakes of moment magnitude 6.4 and 6.3 two hours apart northeast of Lake Singkarak. [6] 2022 Sumatra earthquake: A magnitude 6.2 earthquake damaged dozens of homes, offices and a school. [7] [8] Six killed and 32 injured. [9] Felt in Malaysia and Singapore.
Map showing the location of volcanoes and geological fault lines of Sumatra. The geography of Sumatra is dominated by a mountain range called Bukit Barisan (lit: "a row of hills"). The mountain range spans nearly 1,700 km (1,100 mi) from the north to the south of the island, and it was formed by movement of the Australian tectonic plate. [9]
Variation of seismicity with depth across the Sunda Trench subduction zone, low-angle part is the Sunda megathrust – 2007 Bengkulu earthquakes mainshock shown by star. The Sunda megathrust is a fault that extends approximately 5,500 km (3300 mi) from Myanmar (Burma) in the north, running along the southwestern side of Sumatra, to the south of Java and Bali before terminating near Australia. [1]
On 22 December 2018, an eruption of the Anak Krakatau volcano and underwater landslides caused the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami. It led to the deaths of at least 437 people and injured more than 14095. [20] On 4 December 2021, Semeru erupted for a second time in the year – the first having been in January 2021. Semeru erupted a third time on 6 ...
The subduction of the Indian Plate beneath the Sunda Plate formed the volcanic arc in western Indonesia, one of the most seismically active areas on the planet with a long history of powerful eruptions and earthquakes. This chain of active volcanoes formed Sumatra, Java, Bali, and the Lesser Sunda Islands, most of which, particularly Java and ...