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  2. Vancomycin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancomycin

    Dose optimization and target attainment of vancomycin in children involves adjusting the dosage to maximize effectiveness while minimizing the risk of adverse effects, specifically acute kidney injury. Dose optimization is achieved by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), which allows measurement of vancomycin levels in the blood.

  3. Glycopeptide antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycopeptide_antibiotic

    One of the side effects is red man syndrome, an idiosyncratic reaction to bolus caused by histamine release. Some other side-effects of vancomycin are nephrotoxicity including kidney failure and interstitial nephritis, blood disorders including neutropenia, and deafness, which is reversible once therapy has stopped. Over 90% of the dose is ...

  4. Nephrotoxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotoxicity

    Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. [1] There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity.

  5. Acute tubular necrosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_tubular_necrosis

    Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a medical condition involving the death of tubular epithelial cells that form the renal tubules of the kidneys.Because necrosis is often not present, the term acute tubular injury (ATI) is preferred by pathologists over the older name acute tubular necrosis (ATN). [1]

  6. Pharmacokinetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacokinetics

    For example, steady-state concentrations of drugs eliminated mostly by the kidney are usually greater in patients with kidney failure than they are in patients with normal kidney function receiving the same drug dosage. Population pharmacokinetics seeks to identify the measurable pathophysiologic factors and explain sources of variability that ...

  7. Aminoglycoside - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoglycoside

    Streptomycin. 2D line-angle representation.. Aminoglycoside is a medicinal and bacteriologic category of traditional Gram-negative antibacterial medications that inhibit protein synthesis and contain as a portion of the molecule an amino-modified glycoside ().

  8. List of antineoplastic agents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_antineoplastic_agents

    Myelosuppression, haemorrhagic cystitis, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and cardiac toxicity (rare). Secondary malignancies. [16] Lomustine: PO: Alkylates DNA. Glioma and medulloblastoma. Myelosuppression, pulmonary infiltration and fibrosis. Secondary malignancies. [16] Lurbinectedin: IV Alkylates DNA. Metastatic small cell lung cancer ...

  9. β-Lactam antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Β-Lactam_antibiotic

    β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.