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Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville ([e.dwaʁ.le.ɔ̃ skɔt də maʁ.tɛ̃.vil]; 25 April 1817 – 26 April 1879) was a French printer, bookseller and inventor. He invented the earliest known sound recording device, the phonautograph , which was patented in France on 25 March 1857.
Invented by Frenchman Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville, it was patented on March 25, 1857. [2] It transcribed sound waves as undulations or other deviations in a line traced on smoke-blackened paper or glass. Scott believed that future technology would allow the traces to be deciphered as a kind of "natural stenography". [3]
Many pioneering attempts to record and reproduce sound were made during the latter half of the 19th century – notably Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville's phonautograph of 1857 – and these efforts culminated in the invention of the phonograph by Thomas Edison in 1877. Digital recording emerged in the late 20th century and has since ...
Later, researchers discovered that a misinterpretation of a reference frequency had led to the playback speed being doubled. Once corrected, it became apparent that the recording was likely of a man, probably of the inventor Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville himself, singing the French folk song "Au clair de la lune" at a slow pace. [4]
The phonautograph was invented on March 25, 1857, by Frenchman Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville, [13] an editor and typographer of manuscripts at a scientific publishing house in Paris. [14] One day while editing Professor Longet's Traité de Physiologie , he happened upon that customer's engraved illustration of the anatomy of the human ear ...
The "Experimental Talking Clock" was recorded c. 1878 by inventor Frank Lambert.It was long thought to be the world's oldest playable sound recording and is listed in both the Guinness Book of World Records and The Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound as such; however, an older phonautogram recording of "Au clair de la lune" from 1860 by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville was reproduced for the ...
France has a long history of innovation and scientific discovery, contributing to various fields such as physics, mathematics, engineering, medicine, and the arts. French inventors and scientists have pioneered breakthroughs that shaped the modern world, from the development of photography and the metric system to advancements in aviation, nuclear physics, and immunology.
In 2008, a phonautograph paper recording made by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville of "Au clair de la lune" on 9 April 1860, was digitally converted to sound by researchers at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This one-line excerpt of the song is the earliest recognizable record of the human voice and the earliest recognizable record ...