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For example, it is possible to have the standard C++ string as a member of a union. The primary use of a union is allowing access to a common location by different data types, for example hardware input/output access, bitfield and word sharing, or type punning .
In computer science, a tagged union, also called a variant, variant record, choice type, discriminated union, disjoint union, sum type, or coproduct, is a data structure used to hold a value that could take on several different, but fixed, types.
Python uses the following syntax to express list comprehensions over finite lists: S = [ 2 * x for x in range ( 100 ) if x ** 2 > 3 ] A generator expression may be used in Python versions >= 2.4 which gives lazy evaluation over its input, and can be used with generators to iterate over 'infinite' input such as the count generator function which ...
For example, a linked list might be declared as: mode node = union (real, int, compl, string), list = struct (node val, ref list next); For ALGOL 68 only the type name appears to the left of the equality, and most notably the construction is made – and can be read – from left to right without regard to priorities. 1970 – Pascal
bool is_negative (float x) {union {int i; float d;} my_union; my_union. d = x; return my_union. i < 0;} Accessing my_union.i after most recently writing to the other member, my_union.d , is an allowed form of type-punning in C, [ 6 ] provided that the member read is not larger than the one whose value was set (otherwise the read has unspecified ...
String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).. Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.
Python sets are very much like mathematical sets, and support operations like set intersection and union. Python also features a frozenset class for immutable sets, see Collection types. Dictionaries (class dict) are mutable mappings tying keys and corresponding values. Python has special syntax to create dictionaries ({key: value})
The void type and null pointer type nullptr_t in C++11 and C23; Characters and strings (see below) Tuple in Standard ML, Python, Scala, Swift, Elixir; List in Common Lisp, Python, Scheme, Haskell; Fixed-point number with a variety of precisions and a programmer-selected scale. Complex number in C99, Fortran, Common Lisp, Python, D, Go. This is ...