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In this equation, Ke (COE) equals the anticipated return from the difference (Beta) of investment yields from a return based on market expectations (Rm) [9] and a Risk Free Rate (Rf), such as Treasury Bills or Bonds. KIBOR – Karachi Interbank Offered Rate; KPI – Key Performance Indicator, a type of performance measurement. An organization ...
A company's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (commonly abbreviated EBITDA, [1] pronounced / ˈ iː b ɪ t d ɑː,-b ə-, ˈ ɛ-/ [2]) is a measure of a company's profitability of the operating business only, thus before any effects of indebtedness, state-mandated payments, and costs required to maintain its asset base.
Value added tax or VAT, (in Italian Imposta sul valore aggiunto, or IVA) is a consumption tax charged at a standard rate of 22 percent, which came in on 1 July 2013 (previously 21 percent). The first reduced VAT rate (10 percent) applies to water supplies, passenger transport, admission to cultural and sports events, hotels, restaurants and ...
Your effective tax rate is lower than the highest tax bracket you fall into. Rather, it is the average of all the brackets at which your income is taxed. To keep it simple, let’s assume you make ...
A statutory tax rate is the legally imposed rate. An income tax could have multiple statutory rates for different income levels, where a sales tax may have a flat statutory rate. [2] The statutory tax rate is expressed as a percentage and will always be higher than the effective tax rate. [3]
SG&A (alternately SGA, SAG, G&A or SGNA) is an initialism used in accounting to refer to Selling, General and Administrative Expenses, which is a major non-production cost presented in an income statement (statement of profit or loss). SGA expenses consist of the combined costs of operating the company, which breaks down to:
Financial accounting reports the results and position of business to government, creditors, investors, and external parties. Cost Accounting is an internal reporting system for an organisation's own management for decision making.
The effective rate is the total tax paid divided by the total amount the tax is paid on, while the marginal rate is the rate paid on the next dollar of income earned. For example, if income is taxed on a formula of 5% from $0 up to $50,000, 10% from $50,000 to $100,000, and 15% over $100,000, a taxpayer with income of $175,000 would pay a total ...